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在过去的30年里,面对内卷的挑战,日本企业采取了一系列策略来保持稳定增长。这些策略包括业务转型、行业整合、技术进步和差异化竞争等。

首先,许多日本企业选择了主动进行业务转型。例如,索尼公司从传统的家电制造转向了内容产业和制造产业并重的方向发展。日立造船公司则从造船行业转型为以环境相关工厂打造和大型结构件制造为主的公司。

其次,通过大规模合并减少内耗也是日本企业应对内卷的重要策略。例如,日本的海运行业和保险行业都经历了大规模的合并,形成了几家行业巨头,从而减少了国内市场的过度竞争,并在面对国际竞争时拥有了更大的规模优势。

此外,技术进步和差异化竞争战略也是日本企业保持稳定增长的关键。许多企业在技术研发上持续投入,形成了独特的竞争优势。例如,基恩士和日东电工等企业通过技术创新保持了稳定增长。

总的来说,日本企业应对内卷的策略主要包括业务转型、行业整合、技术进步和差异化竞争等。这些策略的实施,使得日本企业在面对内卷的挑战时能够保持稳定增长,并在一定程度上推动了行业的发展和进步。然而,内卷也有“好的内卷”和“不好的内卷”,后者如单纯的价格竞争,则可能导致一系列负面影响,如研发资金断档、偷工减料等,进而影响整个产业的升级和发展。


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