河南黄河流域生态环境“变”：从矿山疮痍到绿水青山
近年来，河南省以实际行动践行“两山”理念，黄河流域生态环境发生显著变化，生态质量指标稳中有升。从昔日满目疮痍的矿山到如今郁郁葱葱的绿地，从污水直排黄河到如今水清岸绿，河南黄河流域生态环境的“变”令人振奋。
修复贫瘠矿山，还绿水青山
曾经，过度开采导致的生态破坏给黄河流域带来了沉重的负担。在渑池县高桥矿山区，长达20余年的开采造成了大量地质环境破坏，情况错综复杂。当地政府结合地质状况，采取针对性举措，通过采坑回填、阶梯法治理高陡边坡、覆土平整、栽种绿化等措施进行修复治理。如今，高桥治理区已恢复林地627亩、草地1073亩，年蓄水能力达9万吨，固土1761吨，有效杜绝了污水直排黄河的情况。
小秦岭国家级自然保护区也经历了生态修复的历程。五十余年的黄金开采给保护区生态环境造成了破坏，为了保护黄河水源涵养地，当地政府关闭了1000多个矿坑，实施矿山环境整治和生态修复，拆除设施、清理矿渣、覆土覆网、种草种树，最终实现了生态环境的转折性变化。如今，小秦岭国家级自然保护区内，林麝、勺鸡、黄喉貂等国家级保护野生动物频频出现，生态环境得到显著改善。
保护山水林田湖草沙，筑牢黄河流域生态屏障
河南省还积极推进山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复，实施黄河流域生态保护修复重大工程。通过实施退耕还林还草、湿地保护修复、水土流失治理等措施，黄河流域生态环境得到有效改善。
生态环境改善，经济效益显著
生态修复不仅带来了生态效益，也带来了显著的经济效益。渑池县高桥治理区修复后恢复耕地1466亩，规划打造红高粱、冬凌草中药材种植基地，预计每年可实现收益320万元。小秦岭国家级自然保护区生态环境改善后，吸引了众多游客前来观光旅游，带动了当地旅游业发展。
河南省黄河流域生态环境的“变”充分体现了“两山”理念的实践成果，也为其他地区生态环境保护提供了宝贵的经验。未来，河南省将继续坚持生态优先、绿色发展，持续推进黄河流域生态保护修复，为建设美丽中国贡献力量。
英语如下：
The Yellow River in Henan: From “Yellow Sand” to “GreenGreenery”
Keywords: Yellow River turns green, ecological restoration, Two-Mountains concept
The Yellow River Basin in Henan Province: From Scarred Mines to Green Mountains and Clear Waters
In recent years, HenanProvince has taken concrete actions to implement the “Two-Mountains” concept, leading to significant changes in the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin. Ecological quality indicatorshave shown steady improvement. From the once-scarred mines to the lush green spaces today, from wastewater directly discharged into the Yellow River to the clear waters and green banks now, the transformation of the Yellow River Basin’s ecological environment inHenan is truly inspiring.
Rehabilitating Barren Mines, Restoring Green Mountains and Clear Waters
Once, excessive mining led to severe ecological damage, placing a heavy burden on the Yellow River Basin. In the Gaoqiaomining area of Mianchi County, more than 20 years of mining resulted in extensive geological damage, making the situation complex. The local government, taking into account the geological conditions, implemented targeted measures. They used methods like pit backfilling, terraced slope management, topsoil leveling, and afforestation for restoration. Today,the Gaoqiao restoration area has restored 627 mu of forestland and 1073 mu of grassland, with an annual water storage capacity of 90,000 tons and soil fixation of 1761 tons. This effectively prevents wastewater from being directly discharged into the Yellow River.
The Xiaoqinling National Nature Reserve has also undergone ecological restoration. Over 50 years of gold mining had damaged the reserve’s ecological environment. To protect the Yellow River’s water source recharge area, the local government closed over 1,000 mine pits and implemented mine environment remediation and ecological restoration. They demolished facilities, cleared mine slag, covered the area with soil and netting, and planted grass and trees, ultimately achieving a transformative change in the ecological environment. Today, in the Xiaoqinling National Nature Reserve, national-level protected wild animals like musk deer, Chinese bamboo partridge, and yellow-throated martenare frequently spotted, indicating a significant improvement in the ecological environment.
Protecting Mountains, Rivers, Forests, Farmlands, Lakes, Grasslands, and Sand, Building a Solid Ecological Barrier for the Yellow River Basin
Henan Province has also actively promoted integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and sand, implementing major ecological protection and restoration projects in the Yellow River Basin. Through measures like returning farmland to forests and grasslands, wetland protection and restoration, and soil erosion control, the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin has been effectively improved.
Improved Ecological Environment, Significant Economic Benefits
Ecological restoration has not only brought ecological benefits but also significant economic benefits. After restoration, the Gaoqiao restoration area in Mianchi County has recovered 1466 mu of arable land, and plans are underway to develop a planting base for sorghum and winter-ling medicinal herbs, which is expected to generate anannual income of 3.2 million yuan. With the improvement of the ecological environment in the Xiaoqinling National Nature Reserve, it has attracted numerous tourists for sightseeing, driving the development of the local tourism industry.
The transformation of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province fully reflects the practical resultsof the “Two-Mountains” concept and provides valuable experience for ecological environment protection in other regions. In the future, Henan Province will continue to adhere to the principles of ecological priority and green development, continuously promote ecological protection and restoration in the Yellow River Basin, and contribute to building a beautiful China.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/sh/2024/08-24/10274210.shtml
Views: 1