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90年代的黄河路
+1

在使用QLoRA算法微调大型语言模型(LLM)时,参数rlora_alpha起着关键作用。以下是它们的具体作用和建议的配置值:

参数 rlora_alpha 的作用

  1. 参数 r
  • 作用r表示低秩分解中的秩(rank),它决定了降维和升维矩阵的大小。较小的r值可以减少训练时的计算量和内存需求,但可能会限制模型的表达能力。
  • 建议配置值:对于一般任务,r的值通常设置为1、2、4或8。对于一些领域差距较大的任务,可能需要更大的r值[[2]][[6]]。
  1. 参数 lora_alpha
  • 作用lora_alpha是一个缩放因子,用于控制低秩适配器的影响力。它在训练过程中对降维和升维矩阵的输出进行缩放,从而调整模型的更新幅度。
  • 建议配置值lora_alpha的具体值需要根据实际任务进行调整。一般来说,可以从较小的值开始(如16或32),然后根据模型的性能进行调整[[2]]。

建议的配置值

在实际应用中,以下是一些常见的配置建议:

  • 一般任务
  • r: 1, 2, 4, 8
  • lora_alpha: 16, 32
  • 复杂任务或领域差距较大的任务
  • r: 8, 16, 32
  • lora_alpha: 32, 64

示例配置

以下是一个使用QLoRA微调模型的示例配置:

from peft import LoraConfig

# 创建LoRA微调方法的配置
peft_config = LoraConfig(
    r=4,  # 低秩分解的秩
    lora_alpha=32,  # 缩放因子
    lora_dropout=0.1,  # dropout率
    merge_weights=False  # 是否在推理时合并权重
)

# 使用配置进行微调
# model = ...  # 预训练模型
# trainer = Trainer(model=model, config=peft_config)
# trainer.train()

总结

  • 参数 r 决定了低秩分解的维度,影响计算量和内存需求。
  • 参数 lora_alpha 控制低秩适配器的影响力,调整模型的更新幅度。
  • 建议根据任务复杂度选择合适的rlora_alpha值,开始时可以选择较小的值,然后根据模型性能进行调整。

通过合理配置这些参数,可以在保证模型性能的同时,显著减少计算资源和内存需求[[2]][[6]][[7]]。


[1] https://blog.csdn.net/v_JULY_v/article/details/132116949
[2] https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaofengzai/p/17503544.html
[3] https://www.sohu.com/a/784076068_121981751
[4] https://www.cnblogs.com/lm970585581/p/18140564
[5] https://www.skycaiji.com/aigc/ai19347.html
[6] https://blog.csdn.net/shichaog/article/details/133454688
[7] https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44650393/article/details/139088830
[8] https://juejin.cn/post/7387763154530336794
[9] https://www.cnblogs.com/chirp/p/18148458
[10] https://juejin.cn/post/7264936572646473763
[11] https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2331992
[12] https://architect.pub/fine-tuning-llm-parameter-efficient-fine-tuning-peft-lora-qlora-part-2
[13] https://github.com/datawhalechina/self-llm/blob/master/models/DeepSeek/05-DeepSeek-7B-chat%204bits%E9%87%8F%E5%8C%96%20Qlora%20%E5%BE%AE%E8%B0%83.md
[14] https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44826203/article/details/129733930
[15] https://www.cnblogs.com/justLittleStar/p/18071717
[16] http://www.zhengyiming.com/blog/posts/2024/latest-llm-model-fine-tune.html
[17] https://aidc.shisu.edu.cn/c4/d0/c13626a181456/page.htm
[18] https://architect.pub/fine-tuning-llm-parameter-efficient-fine-tuning-peft-lora-qlora-part-1
[19] https://aibard123.com/digest/2023/0721/LLM+LoRa%E5%BE%AE%E8%B0%83%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86%E5%8F%8A%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8EPEFT%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%A8%E6%89%8B%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%9B%E6%80%9D%E8%80%83%E5%92%8Cmt0-large+lora%E5%AE%8C%E6%95%B4%E6%A1%88%E4%BE%8B/

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