中新网北京8月8日电 (记者 孙自法)国际学术期刊《自然》最新发表的一篇气候变化研究论文显示，过去10年里，澳大利亚大堡礁内部和周围的水温达到了400年来最热的水平。这一发现揭示了全球变暖对珊瑚礁生态系统的严重影响。
论文作者通过分析珊瑚骨骼样本，重建了1618-1995年的海表温度数据，并与1900-2024年的观测数据相结合。研究显示，自1960年以来，1月至3月平均每10年海表温度升高约0.12°C，这一变暖趋势在2016年、2017年、2020年、2022年和2024年这5个年份达到了高峰，当时的大堡礁水温比400年前都要热。
珊瑚白化是珊瑚礁面临的一大威胁，它通常是由于水温过高导致珊瑚失去与其共生的微藻而发生。研究指出，这些高温年份中发生的珊瑚白化事件可能是由人为导致的气候变化引起的。
专家在《自然》杂志上发表的“新闻与观点”文章中指出，尽管重建的海表温度数据存在不确定性，但大堡礁地区更多的珊瑚芯采样可以降低这种不确定性。
研究还警告说，即使全球变暖按照《巴黎协定》控制在工业化前水平以下，珊瑚礁仍将遭受严重损失。未来的珊瑚礁可能会出现珊瑚物种多样性减少的不同群落结构。
这一研究结果再次强调了全球气候变化的紧迫性，以及保护珊瑚礁等自然生态系统的重要性。国际社会需要采取紧急行动，减少温室气体排放，以减缓全球变暖的趋势，保护地球的生物多样性。
英语如下：
News Title: “Record High Water Temperatures on the Great Barrier Reef Mark 400-Year Warmth Peak”
Keywords: Warming, Coral, Heating
News Content:
BEIJING, Aug. 8 (Xinhua) — An article published in the international academic journal “Nature” on the latest study on climate change shows that the water temperatures inside and around the Great Barrier Reef in Australia have reached the highest level in 400 years over the past decade. This discovery reveals the severe impact of global warming on coral reef ecosystems.
The study authors reconstructed sea surface temperature data from 1618 to 1995 by analyzing coral skeleton samples and combined this with observational data from 1900 to 2024. The research indicates that since 1960, the average sea surface temperature has risen by about 0.12°C every decade from January to March, with this warming trend peaking in the years 2016, 2017, 2020, 2022, and 2024, when the water temperatures in the Great Barrier Reef were hotter than at any time in the past 400 years.
Coral bleaching, a major threat to coral reefs, typically occurs when water temperatures are too high, causing corals to lose the microscopic algae they live in symbiosis with. The study suggests that the coral bleaching events that occurred during these high-temperature years may be caused by human-induced climate change.
Experts writing in the “News & Views” section of the “Nature” journal point out that, while there is uncertainty in the reconstructed sea surface temperature data, more coral core samples from the Great Barrier Reef region could reduce this uncertainty.
The research also warns that even if global warming is controlled to levels below pre-industrial levels as per the Paris Agreement, coral reefs will suffer significant losses. Future coral reefs may see a reduction in coral species diversity and different community structures.
This research result once again emphasizes the urgency of global climate change and the importance of protecting natural ecosystems such as coral reefs. The international community needs to take urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to slow down the trend of global warming and protect the Earth’s biodiversity.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2024/08-08/10265666.shtml
Views: 4