随着盛夏的到来，中国土地市场出现了一丝暖意，开发商对热门地块的兴趣显著提升，土地拍卖市场上频现高溢价成交，部分城市甚至诞生了新的“地王”。
根据中指研究院的数据，在刚刚过去的7月份，北京、上海、杭州、南京等地均出现了高热地块，有的成为区域内的新晋“地王”。有的地块经过几十轮竞价后成交，还有的地块成交溢价率高达40%。
土地市场的高热现象虽是“点状”分布，但市场整体仍呈现出“缩量”趋势。业内人士认为，这表明虽然微观层面的土地拍卖市场在寻求回温，但宏观层面土地制度改革的方向已经明确。
二十届三中全会《决定》进一步明确了土地制度改革的方向，本次新型城镇化与深化土地制度改革高度关联，土地资源的合理配置以及高效利用、盘活是重要方向。土地价格也将更多由市场供求关系决定，土地端的限制性政策有望进一步优化调整，如核心城市取消土地端限价等。
一线城市和热点二线城市仍然是房企争抢的热点，不仅从榜单上可以看出这一点，今年出现的那些高溢价甚至“地王”地块，也大多位于热点一二线城市，房企投资集中度正越发集中。
例如，北京在今年频频出现高价成交项目，土拍市场热闹非凡。7月25日，保利发展联合北京建工竞得北京市海淀区一宗涉宅用地，总价89.01亿元刷新片区纪录，成为海淀区新晋“地王”。这块地早在2016年时，万科+住总联合体曾以59亿元竞得，但因项目要求100%自持、住宅部分要全部作为租赁住房，最终退地。如今，保利发展联合北京建工重新竞得该地块，价格已较曾经大幅增长，起始出让价和上限价格分别为86亿元、103亿元，而2016年时分别为44亿元、59亿元。
一线城市中的上海，土拍也有“小惊喜”出现。比如“沪九条”出台后，7月份上海的一宗地块以80.5亿元的价格成交，成为新的“地王”，显示出了上海土地市场的热度。
总体来看，土地市场的高热现象虽是“点状”分布，但市场整体仍呈现出“缩量”趋势。业内人士认为，这表明虽然微观层面的土地拍卖市场在寻求回温，但宏观层面土地制度改革的方向已经明确。土地资源的合理配置以及高效利用、盘活是重要方向。土地价格也将更多由市场供求关系决定，土地端的限制性政策有望进一步优化调整，如核心城市取消土地端限价等。
英语如下：
Title: Land Auctions Heat Up, New Round of Reform Likely to Commence
Keywords: Land Auction Boom, New Land King Emerges, Reform Initiates
Content:
As the summer heats up, the Chinese land market has seen a slight warming, with developers showing a significant increase in interest for popular plots, leading to frequent high-premium transactions in the land auction market. Some cities have even seen the emergence of new “land kings.”
According to data from the China Index Academy, in the past month of July, there were hot spots in land auctions in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing, where some plots became new “land kings” in their regions. Some plots were sold after dozens of rounds of bidding, while others saw a high premium rate of 40%.
Although the intense land market phenomenon is scattered across the country, the overall trend is one of “contraction,” indicating that while the micro-level land auction market is seeking a recovery, the direction of land reform at the macro-level is clear.
The Decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee further clarified the direction of land reform. This time, the reform of land use is closely related to the new urbanization, and the rational allocation and efficient utilization of land resources are key directions. Land prices will also be more determined by market supply and demand, and restrictive policies at the land end are expected to be further optimized and adjusted, such as the removal of land price caps in core cities.
First-tier cities and hot second-tier cities remain hot spots for real estate developers, as evidenced by the listings and the high-premium and even “land king” plots that have emerged this year. The concentration of real estate investment is becoming increasingly focused.
For example, Beijing has seen frequent high-price transactions this year, with the land auction market bustling. On July 25, Poly Development and Beijing Jianzhu jointly won a residential land plot in Haidian District, Beijing, for a total price of 8.901 billion yuan, breaking the record in the area and becoming the new “land king” of Haidian District. This plot was originally purchased by a joint venture of Vanke and Zhuzhou in 2016 for 5.9 billion yuan, but the project required 100% self-owned and all residential parts to be rental housing, leading to the withdrawal. Now, Poly Development and Beijing Jianzhu have reclaimed the plot, with the price having significantly increased from the previous round, with the starting price and upper limit price set at 8.6 billion yuan and 10.3 billion yuan, respectively, compared to 4.4 billion yuan and 5.9 billion yuan in 2016.
In the first-tier city of Shanghai, there were also “small surprises” in the land auction market. For instance, after the implementation of the “Shanghai Nine Measures,” a plot in July was sold for 8.05 billion yuan, becoming a new “land king,” indicating the heat of the Shanghai land market.
Overall, while the intense land market phenomenon is scattered across the country, the overall trend is one of “contraction,” indicating that while the micro-level land auction market is seeking a recovery, the direction of land reform at the macro-level is clear. The rational allocation and efficient utilization of land resources are key directions, and land prices will also be more determined by market supply and demand. Restrictive policies at the land end are expected to be further optimized and adjusted, such as the removal of land price caps in core cities.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/cj/2024/08-07/10264695.shtml
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