中新社北京8月1日电 题：张隆溪：不要过分强调“异”而忽略了“同”
中国著名学者张隆溪近日在接受中新社“东西问”专访时，强调了中西方文化不应过分强调差异而忽视了共通之处。他指出，中西方文化虽然在语言、历史、社会等方面呈现出不同风貌，但在很多方面展现了相同和相通之处。
张隆溪回顾了西方汉学的发展脉络，指出汉学起源于西方世界与中国的频繁接触。十七、十八世纪，随着西方与中国之间的交流日益频繁，汉学逐渐形成。最初接触中国的汉学家大多有传教士背景，他们向西方介绍了中国社会和文化，并将大量中国经典翻译成不同语言，对欧洲产生了很大影响。当时的欧洲正处于文艺复兴和宗教改革之后，启蒙思想家们正试图摆脱宗教阴影，推动社会向世俗化发展。
张隆溪表示，莱布尼茨、伏尔泰等哲学家虽然未曾亲临中国，但通过传教士的描述，他们对中国的社会管理和科举制度充满了敬仰。这些制度在当时欧洲社会看来非常超前且有吸引力，因为当时的欧洲还是贵族世袭制度，平民阶层社会地位较低。张隆溪坦言，那时候的中国社会是西方的“理想”。所以西方非常努力地吸收中国社会制度的优势。在现代性的建立过程中，政教分离的观念、社会流动的观念、通过知识实现向精英阶层转化的观念，西方都是从中国看到的。
张隆溪强调，我们应该正视中西方文化中的共通之处，不应将它们对立起来。他认为，在全球化的今天，不同文化之间的交流与合作更为重要，我们应该更加注重共同点，促进文化的相互理解和尊重。
张隆溪的这一观点得到了学界和公众的广泛认同，许多人认为，在全球化的背景下，不同文化之间的相互理解和尊重是促进世界和平与发展的关键。张隆溪的这一观点无疑为当前国际文化交流提供了有益的启示。
英语如下：
Title: “Cultural Interconnection: Zhang Longqiu Urges Not to Ignore Common Ground Between East and West”
Keywords: Cultural Differences and Similarities, Zhang Longqiu, Xinhua News Agency
Content:
BEIJING, Aug 1 (Xinhua) — Questioning the “otherness” of East-West cultural differences, Zhang Longqiu, a renowned scholar in China, has called for a balanced view of the similarities and differences between Eastern and Western cultures.
In an exclusive interview with Xinhua News Agency’s “East-West Dialogue” program, Zhang stressed that it is important not to overemphasize the differences while overlooking the commonalities between Eastern and Western cultures. He pointed out that while the cultures of East and West present different characteristics in terms of language, history, and society, they also share many similarities.
Zhang traced the development of Sinology in the West, noting that the discipline emerged from the frequent interactions between the Western world and China. As exchanges between the West and China increased in the 17th and 18th centuries, Sinology began to take shape. Early Sinologists, who often had a missionary background, introduced Chinese society and culture to the West and translated numerous Chinese classics into various languages, which had a significant impact on Europe. At that time, Europe was in the aftermath of the Renaissance and the Reformation, with Enlightenment thinkers seeking to move away from religious constraints and promote secularization.
Zhang stated that philosophers such as Leibniz and Voltaire, who had never visited China, were filled with admiration for China’s social management and civil service examination systems, based on descriptions by missionaries. These systems were seen as highly advanced and attractive in European society at the time, when the social status of the common people was low due to the hereditary aristocracy. Zhang admitted that China was seen as the “ideal” of Western society at that time, leading to a vigorous absorption of Chinese social institutions. In the construction of modernity, concepts such as the separation of church and state, social mobility, and the transformation into the elite through knowledge were all observed in China.
Zhang emphasized the need to acknowledge the commonalities between Eastern and Western cultures and not to set them against each other. He argued that in today’s globalized world, cultural exchanges and cooperation are more important than ever. It is essential to focus on the common ground and promote mutual understanding and respect among cultures.
Zhang’s perspective has been widely recognized by academia and the public, with many believing that mutual understanding and respect among different cultures is crucial for promoting peace and development in the world. Zhang’s views provide valuable insights into current international cultural exchanges.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/dxw/2024/08-01/10261899.shtml
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