新华社北京8月1日电 中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第三次全体会议（以下简称“三中全会”）日前在北京闭幕。全会审议通过了《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》（以下简称《决定》），其中提出“构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制”的任务被置于改革任务的首位。
《决定》强调，高水平社会主义市场经济体制是中国式现代化的重要保障，必须更好地发挥市场机制作用，创造更加公平、更有活力的市场环境，实现资源配置效率最优化和效益最大化。全会提出，要更好维护市场秩序、弥补市场失灵，畅通国民经济循环，激发全社会内生动力和创新活力。
国家发展改革委宏观经济研究院经济所副所长吴萨在接受中新社采访时表示，社会主义市场经济体制是中国特色社会主义的重大理论和实践创新，是改革开放取得的重大成果。全会提出全面建成高水平社会主义市场经济体制的战略部署，对全面深化改革提出了更高的目标要求。
在经营主体方面，《决定》坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”，即毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，将为各类所有制企业创造公平竞争、竞相发展的良好环境。此外，制定民营经济促进法意义重大，首次将更好营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境提升到了法律的高度。
在市场体系的完善方面，《决定》首次提出“完善主要由市场供求关系决定要素价格机制”，这对于改变要素的市场化改革落后于商品市场的改革具有重要意义。这将推动建立健全劳动、资本、土地、知识、技术、管理、数据等生产要素由市场评价贡献、按贡献决定报酬的机制。
在市场机制建设方面，《决定》提出优化新业态新领域市场准入环境，这对于解决无人驾驶出租车等新业态新领域的市场准入问题具有重要意义。
三中全会提出的构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制的任务，不仅是对中国经济体制改革的深入探索，也是对中国特色社会主义道路的进一步丰富和发展。通过这些改革措施，中国将更好地适应和引领经济发展新常态，推动中国经济高质量发展，为世界经济稳定增长作出新的更大贡献。
英语如下：
News Title: “Third Plenary Session Sets the Tone: Building a High-level Socialist Market Economic System”
Keywords: Reform, Market, System
News Content:
BEIJING, Aug 1 — The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) concluded recently in Beijing. The meeting deliberated and approved the Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Deepening Reforms and Promoting China’s Modernization (hereinafter referred to as the “Decision”), which places the task of “building a high-level socialist market economic system” at the top of the reform agenda.
The Decision stresses that a high-level socialist market economic system is a crucial guarantee for China’s modernization. It calls for better leveraging the role of market mechanisms to create a fairer and more dynamic market environment, optimizing resource allocation efficiency, and maximizing benefits. The meeting proposed to better maintain market order, make up for market failures, and enhance the circulation of the national economy, stimulating the inherent vitality and innovative spirit of the whole society.
Wu Sha, deputy director of the Macroeconomic Research Institute at the National Development and Reform Commission, told Xinhua News Agency that the socialist market economic system is a major theoretical and practical innovation of the Chinese road. It is a significant achievement of the reform and opening-up. The meeting proposed a strategic deployment for fully building a high-level socialist market economic system, setting higher goals and requirements for deepening reform.
On the aspect of operating entities, the Decision adheres to and implements the “two unshakable” principles, namely, unshakably consolidating, developing, and protecting the public ownership economy, and unshakably encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public ownership economy. This will create a good environment for fair competition and co-development among all types of enterprises. Additionally, the significance of formulating a Law on the Promotion of Private Economy is enormous, with the first time elevating the improvement of a market-oriented, legalized, and internationalized first-rate business environment to a legal level.
In terms of the improvement of the market system, the Decision proposes for the first time “perfecting the mechanism for determining element prices by market supply and demand relations,” which is of great significance for changing the situation where market-oriented reform of elements lags behind that of commodity markets. This will promote the establishment of a mechanism in which labor, capital, land, knowledge, technology, management, and data production factors are evaluated by the market and rewarded according to their contributions.
On the construction of market mechanisms, the Decision proposes to optimize the market access environment for new industries and sectors, which is of great significance for solving the market access issues of new industries and sectors such as autonomous driving taxis.
The task of building a high-level socialist market economic system proposed by the Third Plenary Session is not only an in-depth exploration of China’s economic system reform, but also a further enrichment and development of the socialist road with Chinese characteristics. Through these reform measures, China will better adapt to and lead the new normal of economic development, push for high-quality economic development, and make new and greater contributions to the stable growth of the world economy.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/cj/2024/08-01/10261975.shtml
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