正文：
近日，美国联邦政府债务规模突破了35万亿美元的里程碑，这一数字远远超出了许多人的预期。美国政府债务的快速增长主要归因于长期财政赤字和多次大规模财政刺激措施。
首先，新冠疫情的爆发给全球经济带来了巨大冲击，美国政府为了应对疫情对经济的影响，实施了多轮财政刺激计划，包括直接补贴、失业救济、企业救助等，这些措施虽然短期内稳定了经济，但同时也大幅增加了政府的财政支出。
其次，美国政府在社会保障、医疗保健等方面的支出长期保持增长，尤其是随着人口老龄化的加剧，这些项目的支出压力日益增大。此外，税收收入的增长往往落后于经济增长，这也导致了财政赤字的持续存在。
债务规模的不断扩大给美国埋下了多方面的风险隐患。一方面，高额债务增加了政府的利息支出，可能影响政府在其他关键领域的投资。另一方面，长期的财政赤字可能导致信用评级下降，进而推高借贷成本。此外，债务风险还可能引发金融市场波动，对全球经济稳定造成影响。
美国政府和国会需要采取措施，通过改革税收制度、削减不必要的支出、提高政府效率等方式来控制债务增长，确保经济的长期健康稳定。同时，国际社会也需要密切关注美国债务问题的解决进程，因为美国的债务状况对全球金融市场和经济增长都具有重要影响。
英语如下：
News Title: “U.S. Debt Breaks the 35 Trillion Mark: Risks and Challenges Await”
Keywords: Debt Surge, Fiscal Deficit, Accumulation of Risks
News Content:
Title: U.S. Federal Government Debt Surpasses 35 Trillion-Dollar Milestone
Text:
Recently, the debt of the U.S. federal government surpassed the 35 trillion-dollar mark, a figure far beyond many people’s expectations. The rapid growth of government debt can mainly be attributed to long-term fiscal deficits and repeated rounds of large-scale fiscal stimulus measures.
Firstly, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge impact on the global economy, prompting the U.S. government to implement multiple rounds of fiscal stimulus plans to mitigate the economic fallout, including direct subsidies, unemployment benefits, and corporate bailouts. While these measures stabilized the economy in the short term, they also significantly increased government spending.
Secondly, the expenditure on social security, healthcare, and other areas has been growing over the long term, especially with the exacerbation of population aging, putting increasing pressure on these programs. Additionally, tax revenue growth often lags behind economic growth, contributing to the persistence of fiscal deficits.
The continued expansion of the debt burden has sown multiple risks for the United States. On one hand, the substantial debt increases the government’s interest expenses, which could affect investments in other key areas. On the other hand, prolonged fiscal deficits may lead to a downgrade in credit ratings, further pushing up borrowing costs. Moreover, the debt risk could trigger market volatility and affect global economic stability.
The U.S. government and Congress need to take measures to control the growth of debt by reforming the tax system, cutting unnecessary spending, and improving government efficiency to ensure the long-term health and stability of the economy. At the same time, the international community should closely monitor the resolution of the U.S. debt issues, as the country’s debt situation has significant implications for global financial markets and economic growth.
【来源】https://www.zhihu.com/question/662962822
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