#### 2024年7月28日，沈阳
28日，迎来了第14个世界肝炎日，今年我国的主题聚焦于“消除肝炎，积极行动”。肝脏作为人体重要的代谢和解毒器官，肩负着多项关键功能。为了提高公众对肝脏疾病的认识，推广爱肝护肝的知识，记者特地走访了中国人民解放军北部战区总医院，邀请肝胆脾胰外科副主任唐裕福，为大众提供科学的肝病防护指南。
#### 肝脏的沉默与重要性
肝脏，常被誉为“沉默的器官”，它在身体中默默承担着至关重要的职责，包括代谢、解毒、合成重要物质等。然而，由于肝脏在出现问题初期往往不明显，人们常常忽视了对它的关注和呵护。唐裕福强调，肝病患者常会出现乏力、肝区疼痛、厌食（尤其是油腻食物）等症状。一旦出现这些症状，应及时就医进行相关检查，以排除肝脏病变的可能性。
#### 日常生活中的伤肝行为
肝脏的健康，很大程度上取决于日常生活的习惯。唐裕福指出，过度饮酒是常见的伤肝行为之一。酒精代谢主要依赖肝脏，长期过量饮酒会导致肝细胞受损，引发肝炎、肝纤维化乃至肝硬化等严重疾病。此外，吸烟对肝脏的损伤也不容小觑，烟草中的有害物质会干扰肝脏的代谢和解毒功能，增加肝脏负担，长期吸烟可能引发肝脏炎症反应，损害肝细胞结构和功能。
#### 食物中的潜在威胁
唐裕福还提醒，日常生活中，人们应警惕霉变食物中的黄曲霉素，这是一种对肝脏具有直接损害作用的有害物质，可导致肝细胞受损、变性甚至坏死，引发一系列肝脏疾病。长期接触黄曲霉素，还可能诱发肝癌等严重后果。同时，不合理的饮食结构、缺乏运动、肥胖等因素导致的脂肪肝问题也日益突出。脂肪肝不仅影响肝脏健康，严重时甚至会发展为肝硬化。
#### 科学护肝的建议
针对上述问题，唐裕福提出了一系列科学护肝的建议。首先，应培养良好的饮食习惯，减少高脂肪、高糖食物的摄入，增加蔬菜、水果和优质蛋白质的比例。其次，加强日常运动，保持健康体重。对于已经患有脂肪肝的人群，定期进行体检和肝脏功能监测尤为重要。此外，对各类保健品的使用应持谨慎态度，避免盲目追求而忽视了自然饮食的平衡。
### 结语
在世界肝炎日之际，通过科学的防护知识，我们不仅能够增强对肝脏疾病的认知，还能在日常生活中采取有效措施，温柔地呵护我们的“小心肝”，共同迈向健康的生活。
英语如下：
### World Hepatitis Day: Expert Tips for Proper Liver Care
#### July 28, 2024, Shenyang
On the 14th World Hepatitis Day, celebrated on July 28, this year’s theme in China focuses on “Eliminating Hepatitis: Act Now.” The liver, a vital metabolic and detoxification organ in the body, plays a crucial role in multiple functions. To enhance public awareness about liver diseases and promote knowledge on liver care, a journalist visited the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command of the PLA, where Associate Director of the Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Department, Tang Yufu, shared scientific guidelines for liver disease prevention with the public.
#### The Quiet Significance of the Liver
Often referred to as the “silent organ,” the liver quietly carries out essential functions, including metabolism, detoxification, and synthesis of vital substances. However, due to the liver’s subtle symptoms at the onset of issues, it is often overlooked. Tang Yufu stresses that liver disease patients often exhibit symptoms such as fatigue, pain in the liver area, and aversion to fatty foods. Upon experiencing these symptoms, immediate medical consultation for relevant tests is crucial to rule out liver disorders.
#### Harmful Habits that Damage the Liver
The health of the liver is largely dependent on daily habits. Tang Yufu highlights that excessive alcohol consumption is a common habit that damages the liver. Alcohol metabolism largely depends on the liver, and prolonged overconsumption can lead to liver cell damage, causing hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Smoking is also damaging to the liver, as the harmful substances in tobacco disrupt the liver’s metabolic and detoxification functions, increasing liver burden, and long-term smoking can trigger liver inflammation, damaging liver cell structure and function.
#### Potential Threats from Food
Tang Yufu also cautions against the dangers of aflatoxin, a harmful substance found in spoiled food that directly damages the liver, causing liver cell damage, degeneration, or necrosis, leading to a series of liver diseases. Long-term exposure to aflatoxin may also result in severe consequences such as liver cancer. Unbalanced diets, lack of exercise, and obesity, which lead to fatty liver, are also increasingly prevalent. Fatty liver not only affects liver health but can progress to cirrhosis if severe.
#### Recommendations for Scientific Liver Care
To address these issues, Tang Yufu suggests a series of scientifically-based recommendations for liver care. Firstly, it is essential to develop good dietary habits, reducing intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, and increasing the proportion of vegetables, fruits, and high-quality proteins. Secondly, regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight is crucial. For individuals with fatty liver, regular health checks and monitoring of liver function are particularly important. Moreover, the use of various health supplements should be approached with caution, avoiding the pursuit of unnatural diets.
### Conclusion
On World Hepatitis Day, through the dissemination of scientific prevention knowledge, we not only enhance awareness of liver diseases but also take effective measures in daily life to gently care for our “precious liver,” working together towards a healthier lifestyle.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/life/2024/07-28/10258992.shtml
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