随着气温的持续攀升，我国多地纷纷发布高温橙色预警，进入“三伏天”的热浪之中。在这样的环境下，各式防晒用品成为了人们日常生活的必备品，从墨镜、防晒帽到防晒口罩、防晒衣，不仅是为了追求时尚，更是为了保护自己免受紫外线的伤害。据统计，2023年我国防晒服市场已达742亿元，预计2026年将增长至958亿元，防晒衣的占比超过50%，显示了“防晒经济”的蓬勃发展。
然而，防晒并非仅是为了追求美的外在表现。在夏日的阳光下，紫外线的照射对皮肤健康的影响不容忽视。北京大学人民医院皮科主任医师李厚敏指出，长时间暴露在紫外线环境下，不采取防晒措施，不仅可能导致皮肤晒黑、晒伤，还会加速皮肤衰老，引发皮肤粗糙、弹性降低、皱纹增多、色素加深、红血丝和斑点的生成，甚至有皮肤癌的风险。因此，防晒不仅仅是美容的需要，更是对健康的守护。
### 防晒的重要性与误区
在追求“美黑”成为时尚潮流的同时，也有一部分人开始追求健康肤色，减少防晒的频率或强度。然而，过度追求“美黑”不仅不符合皮肤健康的科学指导，也可能对皮肤造成潜在伤害。防晒的目的是防止紫外线对皮肤的伤害，而不是完全避免紫外线。适当的紫外线照射对皮肤和身体都有益处，它能够帮助人体合成维生素D，促进钙质吸收，还有杀菌作用，能够增强皮肤的自然防御能力。
### 科学防晒小贴士
1. **了解防晒霜的SPF值与PA值**：SPF值代表防晒霜防止UVB（中波紫外线）的能力，PA值则代表防止UVA（长波紫外线）的能力。选择SPF30及以上、PA++及以上的产品，确保全面防护。
2. **涂抹防晒霜的时机**：外出前15-30分钟涂抹防晒霜，并在游泳、出汗或擦拭后及时补涂。
3. **全身覆盖**：不仅要涂抹脸部，身体的其他部位如手臂、腿部等也应涂抹防晒霜，避免遗漏。
4. **结合其他防晒措施**：除了使用防晒霜，还应佩戴宽边帽、太阳镜，选择遮阳伞或在阴凉处避暑，全方位保护皮肤。
5. **眼部防护**：保护眼睛同样重要，尤其是在强烈阳光下，应选择专门的太阳镜，避免紫外线对眼睛的伤害。
通过科学的防晒措施，不仅能够有效防止紫外线对皮肤的伤害，还能在炎炎夏日中保持健康与舒适。在享受夏日阳光的同时，记得为自己和家人选择合适的防晒产品，合理安排户外活动时间，让防晒成为一种健康的生活方式。
英语如下：
### “Beating the Summer Heat: Science Behind Effective Sun Protection”
As temperatures soar across the country, multiple regions issue high-temperature orange alerts, plunging into the heat wave of “Triple Heat”. Under such conditions, a variety of sun protection products have become essential in people’s daily lives, ranging from sunglasses, sun hats, to sun masks, sun clothes, not only for fashion but also to protect against the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays. Statistics show that the sun protection clothing market in China reached 74.2 billion yuan in 2023, with a projected growth to 95.8 billion yuan by 2026, indicating a thriving “sun protection economy”.
However, sun protection is not merely about pursuing external beauty. The impact of ultraviolet radiation on skin health cannot be overlooked in the summer sun. Dr. Li Houmin, the head physician of the Dermatology Department at Beijing University People’s Hospital, points out that prolonged exposure to the sun without sun protection measures not only leads to sunburn and darkening of the skin, but also accelerates skin aging, causing rough skin, decreased elasticity, increased wrinkles, deepened pigmentation, redness, and the formation of spots, and even poses a risk of skin cancer. Therefore, sun protection is not just a need for beauty but a safeguard for health.
### Importance and Misconceptions of Sun Protection
While “tan” has become a trend, some individuals are beginning to pursue healthy skin tones, reducing the frequency or intensity of sun protection. However, excessive pursuit of “tan” does not align with scientific guidance on skin health and may also pose potential harm to the skin. The purpose of sun protection is to prevent the harm of ultraviolet rays to the skin, not to completely avoid ultraviolet rays. Moderate exposure to ultraviolet rays is beneficial to both the skin and the body. It helps the body synthesize vitamin D, facilitates calcium absorption, and has a杀菌 function, enhancing the skin’s natural defense capabilities.
### Tips for Scientific Sun Protection
1. **Understanding SPF and PA Values**: SPF represents a sunscreen’s ability to block UVB (medium-wave ultraviolet), while PA indicates its ability to block UVA (long-wave ultraviolet). Choose products with SPF 30 or higher and PA++ or above for comprehensive protection.
2. **Timing of Sunscreen Application**: Apply sunscreen 15-30 minutes before going out and reapply after swimming, sweating, or wiping.
3. **Full Body Coverage**: Apply sunscreen not just to the face but also to other body parts like arms, legs, ensuring no areas are missed.
4. **Combining Other Sun Protection Measures**: Besides using sunscreen, wear wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and seek shade or use umbrellas to protect the skin from all angles.
5. **Eye Protection**: Protecting the eyes is equally important, especially under strong sunlight, choose specialized sunglasses to shield against ultraviolet rays.
Through scientific sun protection measures, one can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from harming the skin, maintaining health and comfort during the hot summer. While enjoying the summer sun, remember to choose appropriate sun protection products for yourself and your family, schedule outdoor activities wisely, and make sun protection a part of a healthy lifestyle.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/life/2024/07-27/10258394.shtml
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