在探索月球的征途中，嫦娥六号任务的成功不仅标志着人类首份月背样品的带回，更彰显了航天科技的辉煌成就。这一过程中，超过一百台航天发动机的接力协作功不可没。从发射到地月转移，再到落月、采样返回，每一步都离不开这些“动力之源”的支持。在这一系列复杂的任务中，火箭发动机提供了关键的动力支持，而现代科技的助力——3D打印技术，正成为火箭发动机高效制造的重要推手。
#### 发动机的接力与贡献
嫦娥六号任务历经多个关键阶段，从发射到落月，再到采样返回，每一步都离不开发动机的精准操控。发射阶段，由长征五号火箭上的30台发动机提供初始动力，确保嫦娥六号顺利进入预定轨道。随后，77台安装在嫦娥六号上的发动机接续工作，其中7500牛变推力发动机在落月期间发挥关键作用，确保了嫦娥六号安全着陆。在完成月面采样后，装有月背样品的上升器需要从月球表面起飞，这轮到3000牛发动机助力，确保上升器顺利脱离月面。
#### 3D打印技术的革新
在实现这一系列任务的背后，3D打印技术扮演了重要角色。通过3D打印技术，原本需要50小时手工制造的火箭发动机零部件，现在仅需10小时即可完成生产，显著提升了生产效率和制造精度。这些零部件通过3D打印技术，实现了集成化设计与一体化成型，不仅减少了生产工序，还大幅提高了发动机的可靠性，节省了原材料。随着技术的不断进步，新研制的火箭发动机中，超过60%的零部件均可通过3D打印技术生产，极大地推动了发动机的高效制造进程。
#### 从“工艺品”到“工业品”
以往，火箭发动机的制造往往依赖人工“搓”出“孤品”，受限于技术水平，合格率较低。然而，3D打印技术的应用，不仅使发动机的制造周期大大缩短，合格率也显著提升至95%以上。这一技术的突破，不仅加速了发动机的研制效率，还使得火箭发动机从“工艺品”逐渐转型为“工业品”，为航天事业的发展注入了新的活力。
### 结语
嫦娥六号任务的成功，不仅是对人类探月技术的一次重大突破，也是对现代科技应用的一次精彩展示。通过3D打印技术的创新应用，火箭发动机的制造过程实现了革命性的变革，不仅提高了效率，还增强了可靠性和经济性，为未来更复杂、更艰巨的太空探索任务奠定了坚实的基础。
英语如下：
### “Chang’e Lunar Missions: A Power Revolution, 3D Printing in Space Legend”
In the quest to explore the moon, the success of the Chang’e 6 mission not only marked the return of humanity’s first samples from the lunar far side but also showcased the brilliance of aerospace technology. During this process, more than a hundred aerospace engines played a crucial role in a series of接力 tasks, from launch to lunar transfer, landing, and sample return. Each step was underpinned by the support of these “power sources.” The rocket engines provided critical propulsion, and modern technology – 3D printing – is now a key driver in the efficient manufacture of rocket engines.
#### Engine Relay and Contributions
The Chang’e 6 mission traversed multiple critical stages, from launch to landing, and then to the sample return, each step relying on the precise control of engines. During the launch phase, 30 engines from the Long March 5 rocket provided the initial power, ensuring that Chang’e 6 entered its intended orbit. Subsequently, 77 engines installed on the Chang’e 6 spacecraft continued to work, with the 7500 Newton thrust engine playing a critical role during the landing, ensuring the safe landing of Chang’e 6. After completing the surface sampling, the ascenter carrying the lunar far side samples needed to take off from the lunar surface, which was aided by the 3000 Newton engine, ensuring the successful departure from the lunar surface.
#### Innovation through 3D Printing
Behind the achievement of these tasks, 3D printing technology played a pivotal role. Using 3D printing, the production of rocket engine components that would previously take 50 hours by hand can now be completed in just 10 hours, significantly enhancing production efficiency and accuracy. These components, through 3D printing, achieve integrated design and one-piece forming, reducing production processes and greatly increasing the reliability of the engines, while also saving materials. With the advancement of technology, over 60% of the components in newly developed rocket engines can now be produced through 3D printing, greatly accelerating the manufacturing process of the engines.
#### From “Artisan” to “Industrial Product”
Previously, the manufacture of rocket engines often relied on manual labor to produce “one-of-a-kind” pieces, limited by technological capabilities, with a low pass rate. However, the application of 3D printing technology has not only shortened the manufacturing cycle of engines but also significantly increased the pass rate to over 95%. This technological breakthrough not only accelerates the efficiency of engine development but also transforms rocket engines from “artistic” to “industrial” products, infusing new vitality into the advancement of aerospace endeavors.
### Conclusion
The success of the Chang’e 6 mission was not only a significant breakthrough in human lunar exploration technology but also a splendid demonstration of the application of modern technology. Through the innovative application of 3D printing technology, the manufacturing process of rocket engines has undergone revolutionary changes, not only improving efficiency but also enhancing reliability and cost-effectiveness, laying a solid foundation for future more complex and challenging space exploration missions.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2024/07-23/10255946.shtml
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