在当前全球贸易环境的复杂性和不确定性中，南亚国家传统出口市场受到挑战。传统出口方向主要集中在欧美市场，然而，国际大环境的变化和贸易保护主义的抬头，给南亚商品的出口带来了压力。面对这一挑战，如何寻找新的出口方向，特别是向中国市场的拓展，成为南亚国家关注的焦点。7月22日，在中国昆明举行的一场中国与南亚国家官产学研对接活动上，复旦大学南亚研究中心副主任林民旺给出了专家支招，为南亚商品如何成功出口中国提供了宝贵建议。
林民旺指出，南亚商品符合中国市场的多种需求。巴基斯坦的大米、斯里兰卡的红茶、马尔代夫的海产品、阿富汗的松子等，已经在中国市场获得了广泛认可和喜爱。2023年，中国和南亚国家的贸易额接近2000亿美元，较2013年翻了一番，这表明双方在经贸合作上有着巨大的潜力。
然而，尽管贸易额增长显著，但与东盟国家的贸易规模相比，中国与南亚国家之间的贸易仍存在差距。林民旺强调，中国与南亚拥有超过20亿人口的大市场，双方在经济互补性上具有显著优势，这为深化合作提供了广阔空间。然而，目前南亚商品出口到中国的规模仍然有限，主要原因是南亚国家对中国市场的了解不够深入。
为解决这一问题，林民旺提出，南亚国家应加强对中国市场的深入了解，特别是要关注中国在检验检疫标准、产品质量控制等方面的要求。同时，林民旺指出，南亚国家应重视优势产业的开发力度，如印度的IT和信息产业、巴基斯坦和斯里兰卡的运输服务、马尔代夫与尼泊尔的旅游业等，这些产业可以面向中国市场进行更深入的开发和合作。
当天的活动吸引了南亚国家各界代表的积极参与，他们纷纷表示，如果能够与中国加深经贸互动，将对南亚地区的经济增长产生积极影响。阿富汗工商部高级顾问哈米德·阿齐兹·阿齐兹强调，阿富汗希望与中国开展合作，特别是开发其丰富的油气资源。孟加拉国国际战略研究所前主席孟什·法兰兹·艾哈迈德则提到，孟加拉国希望与中国在现代化种植水果和蔬菜方面开展合作，以提升农业现代化水平。尼泊尔科学技术院秘书拉宾德拉·普拉萨德·达卡则表达了对与中国云南合作发展生物医药产业的期待，利用尼泊尔丰富的植物资源，共同推动科技创新。
综上所述，通过专家的指导和南亚国家各界的积极参与，中国与南亚国家在贸易合作方面展现出巨大的潜力和前景。随着双方在了解、合作和市场开发上的不断深入，南亚商品出口中国将不再只是机遇，更是双方共同发展的新起点。
英语如下：
### How South Asian Goods Can Tap into the Chinese Market: Expert Advice Unveils Key Strategies and Partnership Potential
In the face of a complex and uncertain global trade environment, South Asian nations are grappling with challenges to their traditional export markets, primarily centered in the Western European and American regions. The rise of international changes and the抬头 of trade protectionism has put pressure on the export of South Asian goods. Amid this challenge, finding new export directions, particularly into the Chinese market, has become a focal point for South Asian countries. On July 22, at a China-South Asia official-academic-industrial对接 event held in Kunming, China, Lin Minwang, Deputy Director of the South Asia Research Center at Fudan University, offered expert advice, providing valuable insights into how South Asian goods can successfully enter the Chinese market.
Lin Minwang highlighted that South Asian goods meet various demands of the Chinese market. Products such as rice from Pakistan, tea from Sri Lanka, seafood from the Maldives, and pistachios from Afghanistan have already gained widespread recognition and appreciation in the Chinese market. In 2023, trade between China and South Asian countries reached nearly $200 billion, a doubling of the figure from 2013, indicating immense potential for economic cooperation.
However, despite the significant increase in trade volume, there is still a gap between China and South Asian countries in terms of trade scale compared to Southeast Asian nations. Lin Minwang emphasized that China and South Asia share a vast market with over 2 billion people, and their economic complementarity offers significant advantages for deepening cooperation. However, the current scale of South Asian goods exported to China remains limited, primarily due to a lack of deep understanding of the Chinese market by South Asian countries.
To address this issue, Lin Minwang suggested that South Asian countries should deepen their understanding of the Chinese market, particularly focusing on Chinese requirements in areas such as inspection and quarantine standards and quality control. He also stressed that South Asian countries should prioritize the development of their comparative advantages, such as India’s IT and information industry, Pakistan and Sri Lanka’s transport services, and the tourism sectors in the Maldives and Nepal, to explore deeper integration with the Chinese market.
The event, which attracted representatives from various sectors in South Asia, saw a strong desire for enhanced economic interaction with China. Hamid Aziz Aziz, a senior adviser at Afghanistan’s Ministry of Commerce, emphasized Afghanistan’s aspiration to collaborate with China, particularly in developing its abundant oil and gas resources. Mosharraf Hossain Ahmed, a former chairman of Bangladesh’s Institute for International Strategic Studies, highlighted the country’s interest in partnering with China to modernize fruit and vegetable cultivation, aiming to advance agricultural modernization. Secretary at the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Rabindra Prasad Daka, expressed expectations for cooperation with Yunnan, China, in the development of biopharmaceutical industries, leveraging Nepal’s rich plant resources to drive innovation.
In summary, through expert guidance and active participation from various sectors in South Asia, the trade cooperation between China and South Asian nations demonstrates immense potential and prospects. With ongoing efforts in mutual understanding, collaboration, and market development, the export of South Asian goods to China will not only be an opportunity but also a new starting point for mutual development between the two regions.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/cj/2024/07-22/10255395.shtml
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