美国政府近日对华芯片管制政策进行了大规模修订，新版出口管制条款长达160多页，将于4月4日正式生效。据官方解释，这次修订旨在“纠正意外的错误，并明确一些条款”。修订内容涉及多个关键领域，包括限制中国获取高端光刻机，仅允许购买较旧款设备，以及对RTX4090显卡的出口限制有所放宽。
新规定中，美国商务部加强了对极紫外光（EUV）掩膜和刻蚀机等关键芯片制造设备的管控，同时对中国澳门地区及D:5组地区采取了更为严格的“推定拒绝”出口策略。此外，AI芯片的出口许可证规定及其例外情况的适用范围也得到了重新澄清。
针对公众热议的RTX4090显卡禁售问题，此次更新的细则做出了相应回应，表明管制措施有所调整。而光刻机及相关上下游设备的进口限制也得到了明确，这将对中国的半导体产业产生深远影响。美国的这一系列动作，无疑进一步加剧了全球半导体行业的竞争格局，同时也考验着中美之间的科技合作关系。
英语如下：
News Title: “New US Chip Controls: Older Lithography Machines Restricted, RTX4090 Ban Eased, Macau and D:5 Regions Impacted”
Keywords: Chip Controls, Lithography Machine Restrictions, RTX4090 Policy
News Content: The US government has recently undergone a significant revision of its chip control policy for China, with the new export regulations spanning over 160 pages and set to take effect on April 4. According to official explanations, the revisions aim to “correct unintended errors and clarify certain provisions.” The updates encompass multiple key areas, including restrictions on China’s access to high-end lithography machines, allowing only the purchase of older models, and a relaxation of the export ban on RTX4090 graphics cards.
In the new regulations, the US Department of Commerce has tightened control over critical chip manufacturing equipment, such as Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) masks and etching machines. Additionally, it has adopted a more stringent “presumption of denial” export policy for the Macau region and areas designated as D:5. The rules surrounding export licenses for AI chips and the exceptions to these rules have also been clarified.
Addressing the public debate over the RTX4090 sales ban, the updated guidelines reflect a corresponding adjustment in control measures. The restrictions on the import of lithography machines and associated upstream and downstream equipment have been clarified, with profound implications for China’s semiconductor industry. These moves by the US are undoubtedly escalating the global semiconductor industry’s competitive landscape and testing the technological cooperation between China and the US.
【来源】https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20240402A09O2G00
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