故宫，这座拥有六百多年历史的皇家宫殿，以其精美的建筑艺术和丰富的文化藏品闻名于世。对于故宫里的龙——这一中国传统文化中的重要符号，人们总是充满好奇。据知名专家、前故宫博物院院长单霁翔透露，故宫中的龙不仅仅体现在建筑装饰上，还蕴含在文物藏品中，其数量之多、形态之丰富，令人叹为观止。
单霁翔在一次名为“东西问·名家坊”的讲座中提到，故宫的龙不仅体现在瓦当、雕塑、绘画等可见的文物中，还隐藏在故宫的设计布局之中。例如，故宫的三大殿——太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，其名称中都包含有“和”字，而“和”在中国传统文化中与龙有着密切的联系。此外，故宫的排水系统中，也巧妙地运用了龙的造型，这不仅美化了建筑，也体现了古代工匠的智慧。
在文物方面，故宫的藏品中也有大量的龙题材。从瓷器、玉器到书画，龙的图案和形象随处可见。这些龙的形象各具特色，有升龙、降龙、行龙、卧龙等，展示了龙的多种形态和寓意。
单霁翔表示，故宫中的龙不仅仅是一种装饰，更是一种文化的体现，它体现了中国古代社会的等级制度、宗教信仰和审美观念。因此，了解故宫中的龙，对于我们深入了解中国传统文化和历史具有重要意义。
Title: The Dragons in the Forbidden City: Secrets Unveiled by Shan Jixiang
Keywords: Forbidden City, Dragons, Shan Jixiang
News content:
The Forbidden City, with its impressive architectural art and rich cultural collections, has been renowned for over six centuries. The dragon, a significant symbol in Chinese traditional culture, always arouses people’s curiosity. According to the well-known expert and former director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang, the number and variety of dragons in the Forbidden City are astonishing, both in architectural decorations and cultural relics.
During a lecture titled “East-West Dialogues: Masters’ Square,” Shan Jixiang mentioned that the dragons in the Forbidden City are not only reflected in visible cultural relics such as tiles, sculptures, and paintings, but also hidden in the design and layout of the palace. For instance, the names of the three major halls of the Forbidden City—the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony—all contain the word “harmony,” which is closely related to dragons in traditional Chinese culture. Moreover, the drainage system of the Forbidden City also ingeniously uses dragon shapes, not only aesthetically enhancing the buildings but also showcasing the wisdom of ancient craftsmen.
In terms of cultural relics, a vast array of dragon-themed items can be found in the collections of the Forbidden City. From porcelain, jade, to paintings and calligraphy, the images of dragons are everywhere. These dragons come in various forms and imply different meanings, such as ascending dragons, descending dragons, walking dragons, and reclining dragons, showcasing the diversity of dragon representations.
Shan Jixiang pointed out that the dragons in the Forbidden City are not just decorative elements but also cultural reflections. They embody the hierarchical system, religious beliefs, and aesthetic concepts of ancient Chinese society. Therefore, understanding the dragons in the Forbidden City is significant for us to deeply comprehend Chinese traditional culture and history.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2024/02-08/10161860.shtml
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