食盐是人们日常生活中的必需品，但摄入过多却会对人体健康造成严重影响。据北京大学公共卫生学院营养与卫生学系主任马冠生教授表示，我国居民食盐摄入量全球最高，几乎达到推荐摄入量的两倍。这一状况导致了中国因食盐过多而引发的死亡率位居全球第一。
食盐摄入过多会对身体带来诸多危害。首先，食盐中的钠元素过量会导致高血压，进而增加心脏病和中风的风险。其次，长期高盐饮食会刺激胃酸分泌，引发胃溃疡、胃炎等消化系统疾病。此外，食盐过多还会加重肾脏负担，增加患肾病的风险。
我国有句老话叫“我吃过的盐比你吃过的饭还多”，原本这是一个夸张的说法，但现在却成为了一个警示。为了降低食盐摄入量，专家建议居民采取以下措施：
1. 减少外出就餐次数，因为外食往往盐分较高。
2. 购买食品时，注意查看食品标签，选择低盐产品。
3. 培养清淡饮食的习惯，减少食盐、酱油、味精等调味品的摄入。
4. 适当增加蔬菜水果摄入，有助于平衡饮食结构。
专家呼吁，降低食盐摄入量，关爱身体健康，从每个家庭做起。减少食盐摄入，不仅能降低死亡率，还能提高人们的生活质量。
Title: Excess Salt Intake Leads to Highest Mortality Rate in China
Keywords: Salt, Overconsumption, Mortality
News content:
Salt is a necessity in people’s daily lives, but excessive intake can cause serious harm to human health. Professor Ma Guansheng, Director of the Nutrition and Health Department of Peking University School of Public Health, said that the salt intake of residents in our country is the highest in the world, almost double the recommended intake. This situation has led to the highest mortality rate caused by excessive salt intake in the world.
Excessive salt intake brings many health hazards. Firstly, the excessive sodium in salt leads to high blood pressure, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. Secondly, long-term high-salt diet stimulates gastric acid secretion, causing digestive system diseases such as gastric ulcers and gastritis. In addition, excessive salt intake also increases the burden on the kidneys and the risk of kidney disease.
There is an old saying in our country called “I’ve eaten more salt than you’ve eaten rice,” which was originally an exaggeration but has now become a warning. To reduce salt intake, experts suggest the following measures:
1. Reduce the number of times dining out, as external food往往含有较高的盐分。
2. When purchasing food, pay attention to the food label and choose low-salt products.
3. Cultivate a habit of light diet, and reduce the intake of spices such as salt, soy sauce, and monosodium glutamate.
4. Increase the intake of vegetables and fruits to balance the diet structure.
Experts urge that reducing salt intake and caring for physical health start from every family. By reducing salt intake, not only can the mortality rate be lowered, but the quality of life can also be improved.
【来源】https://www.zhihu.com/question/638641243
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