据美国宇航局和天文学家透露，他们利用“洞察号”探测器于 2022 年 5 月 4 日检测到火星上出现了 4.7 级地震。经过数月的深入调查，一个由中国和印度等国家的联合研究小组最终确认了这次地震的原因：由板块移动造成，并非流星体撞击。
这次地震被命名为 S1222a，是次强地震的五倍，持续了 6 个小时，其释放的能量相当于它在五年寿命中探测到的所有其他火星地震的能量总和。这不仅是火星有记录以来最强烈的地震，而且也是持续时间最长的地震。
天文学家认为，本次地震是地壳内数十亿年前的应力大量释放的结果，地壳的形成和演化是由于过去许多世纪中地球各个部分的冷却和收缩而形成和演化的。研究报告的第一作者本杰明 – 费尔南多（Benjamin Fernando）博士表示：“我们仍然认为，火星目前没有任何活跃的板块构造，因此这次地震很可能是火星地壳内部应力释放造成的。这些应力是数十亿年进化的结果，包括地球不同部分以不同的速度冷却和收缩。我们仍然不能完全理解为什么地球上的某些地方似乎比其他地方有更大的压力，但这样的结果有助于我们进一步研究。”
本次地震的发现对于火星的地质历史和演化有着重要的意义。天文学家将继续研究火星地壳的变化和演化过程，以期更好地理解这颗神秘星球。
英文标题：Expert reveals cause of Mars earthquake last year, confirms not caused by meteor impact
关键词：expert, reveals, cause, Mars, earthquake, confirms, meteor impact
新闻内容：
On October 19th, the United States’s space agency, NASA, and astronomers confirmed that a 4.7-magnitude earthquake struck Mars on April 7th last year. After conducting several months of thorough investigation, a joint research team from China, India, Europe, and the United Arab Emirates finally determined the cause of the earthquake: the movement of tectonic plates on Mars.
The earthquake, which was named S1222a, is 5 times stronger than the strongest earthquake recorded on Mars so far and lasted for 6 hours. Its release of energy equivalent to all other Mars earthquakes in its 5-year lifespan was detected. This earthquake is not only the most severe earthquake on Mars to date but also the longest-lasting one.
Astronomers believe that this earthquake is a result of the large-scale release of stress in the Earth’s crust that occurred tens of billions of years ago. The formation and evolution of the Earth’s crust are the result of the cooling and contraction of various parts of the Earth over many centuries. Benjamin Fernando, the first author of the report, said: “We still believe that there are no active tectonic plates on Mars at the moment, and therefore, this earthquake is likely caused by the release of stress in the Martian crust. These stresses are the result of the evolution of the Earth’s crust over 数十亿 years, including the cooling and contraction of different parts of the Earth at different speeds.”
This discovery is of great significance for the geological history and evolution of Mars. Astronomers will continue to study the changes and evolution of Mars’s crust in order to better understand this mysterious planet.
【来源】https://www.ithome.com/0/725/964.htm
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