Analysis of 浪花淘尽英雄 —评《三国演义》开场词
This article, 浪花淘尽英雄 —评《三国演义》开场词 by Hao Guisheng, presents a critical analysis of the opening verse of the famous Chinese novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Theauthor argues that the verse, often praised for its philosophical depth and evocative imagery, actually promotes a harmful ideology of historical nihilism and individualism.
Here’s abreakdown of the key points and arguments presented in the article:
1. Traditional Interpretation vs. Author’s Critique:
- Traditional Interpretation: The article highlights the common praise for the verse, emphasizing its 豪放中有含蓄，高亢中有深沉 (豪放中有含蓄，高亢中有深沉) nature, its ability to evoke feelings of both grandeur and tranquility, and its philosophical depth in reflecting on the impermanence of life and the futility ofworldly pursuits.
- Author’s Critique: Hao Guisheng challenges this traditional interpretation, arguing that the verse’s underlying philosophy is fundamentally flawed. He points to the lines 浪花淘尽英雄 (浪花淘尽英雄) and 是非成败转头空 (是非成败转头空) as evidence of a worldview that sees history as a meaningless cycle, denying the significance of historical figures and their actions.
2. Critique of the Verse’s Worldview:
- Worldview: The author argues that the verse promotes a static worldview, where even movement is cyclical and lacks progress. Thisis exemplified by the line 青山依旧在，几度夕阳红 (青山依旧在，几度夕阳红), which suggests that nature remains unchanged, implying a similar stasis in human history.
- Historical View: The author further criticizes the verse’s historical view, claiming it denies thesignificance of historical figures and their contributions. He argues that the verse’s message of 浪花淘尽英雄 (浪花淘尽英雄) and 是非成败转头空 (是非成败转头空) effectively negates the value of historical figures and their actions, reducing them to mere 笑谈(笑谈) material.
- Life Philosophy: The author argues that the verse’s life philosophy promotes a passive, detached approach to life, exemplified by the 白发渔樵 (白发渔樵) figure who 惯看秋月春风 (惯看秋月春风).This, according to the author, represents a rejection of social responsibility and a preference for individualistic, detached contemplation, even in the face of societal injustices.
3. Historical Context and Author’s Perspective:
- Author’s Background: The author, Hao Guisheng, identifies himself as a Marxistscholar, emphasizing his commitment to historical materialism and his opposition to historical nihilism. This background informs his critique of the verse, which he sees as a manifestation of historical nihilism.
- Yang Shen’s Context: The author attributes the verse’s nihilistic message to the personal experiences of its author, Yang Shen, who faced political persecution and exile. He argues that Yang Shen’s disillusionment with societal power and his own personal failures led him to express a cynical worldview through the verse.
4. Counter-Argument: Historical Materialism and Heroism:
- Historical Materialism: The author counters the verse’s nihilistic message with the principles of historical materialism, arguing that history is a process of constant struggle and progress, driven by material conditions and the actions of individuals.
- Heroism: He emphasizes the enduring legacy of historical figures, particularly those who fought for social justice and national liberation. He cites the numerous monumentsdedicated to revolutionary heroes as evidence that their contributions are not forgotten, but rather serve as inspiration for future generations.
5. Conclusion:
The author concludes by emphasizing the importance of historical consciousness and the need to learn from the past. He calls for active engagement in the present, guided by the principles of Marxism and thelegacy of revolutionary heroes, to fight against injustice and contribute to the progress of society.
Overall, the article presents a strong critique of the opening verse of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, arguing that its seemingly philosophical message actually promotes a harmful ideology of historical nihilism and individualism. The author counters this perspective with theprinciples of historical materialism and a celebration of historical figures who have fought for social justice and national liberation.
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