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上海枫泾古镇一角_20240824上海枫泾古镇一角_20240824
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引言

进入八月,人民币突然升值,突破7.1关口,创下年内新高。这一现象在疲软的内需市场和高息差美元背景下显得尤为引人关注。本文将深入分析人民币近期升值的核心驱动因素,并探讨人民币计价资产的潜在受益。

人民币升值的核心驱动因素

  1. 央行政策影响:中国央行宣布了4000亿国债买入操作,市场解读为加码货币宽松的信号。尽管从行为上并不能解读为量化宽松(QE),但短期内可能导致汇率贬值,对人民币升值的推动作用显然非正相关。

  2. 中美关系改善预期:高层同沙利文的会面,在全球S3边缘的沟通例行公事,并不会引发市场对中美关系改善的预期。

  3. 美元指数进一步走软:自7月以来,市场预期美联储将逐步降息,这使得美元相对走软,非美货币因此具备了较强的升值动能。

  4. 利差变化:全球各大银行在存款端伴随美债收益率已经开始下调,美元利率走低,中美利差和美日利差逐步收窄。

  5. 人民币掉期点数上升:近期,在岸人民币一年期掉期点数快速上行,接近离岸水平。这通常意味着在岸人民币利率出现快速上行,或在岸美元利率出现快速下行。

  6. 企业结汇带来的情绪自我强化:短期内人民币的急升,很大程度上是由企业结汇行为所引发的市场情绪自我强化所致。

人民币计价资产的潜在受益

  1. A股市场:人民币升值期间,A股的表现相对较好。汇率升值吸引外资流入,并优先进入到增长前景和盈利较好的行业中。

  2. 债市:人民币升值期间,债往往面临调整压力,这主要是套利层面的因素。

未来展望

  1. 美联储降息预期:美联储是否真的降息,隐含美联储背后的真实经济状态的判断和对总统谁上的预期。

  2. 中美关系:中美关系的发展将对人民币汇率产生重要影响。

  3. 全球经济形势:全球经济形势的变化也将对人民币汇率产生影响。

总之,人民币近期升值既有主动因素,也有被动因素。未来人民币汇率走势将受到多种因素的影响,需要密切关注。


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