##29岁女子吃素半年脂肪肝加重，专家：并非素食本身问题，关键在于“吃素”方式
近日，一位29岁女子在体检中被诊断为轻度脂肪肝，半年后坚持素食饮食后，再次体检却发现脂肪肝已发展为中重度，令她十分困惑。对此，多位营养专家表示，并非素食本身导致脂肪肝加重，关键在于“吃素”的方式。
“素食本身是健康饮食方式，但如果缺乏科学的规划和执行，反而可能加重脂肪肝。”中国营养学会理事长、中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院教授范志红指出，素食饮食容易造成营养不均衡，特别是蛋白质摄入不足，而蛋白质是维持肝脏正常功能的重要物质。
“这位女士的案例可能存在以下几种情况：”范志红教授解释道，“一是素食种类单一，缺乏优质蛋白来源，如豆制品、坚果、种子等；二是过度依赖精制碳水化合物，如白米饭、白馒头等，导致血糖波动较大，加重肝脏负担；三是缺乏脂肪酸补充，特别是必需脂肪酸，如亚麻籽油、核桃油等，这些脂肪酸对于肝脏健康至关重要。”
北京大学人民医院营养科主任医师王玉梅也表示，许多人认为吃素就意味着低脂，但实际上，许多素食中也含有脂肪，而且有些素食脂肪含量甚至比肉类更高。例如，一些油炸素食、坚果、芝麻酱等，都含有较高的脂肪含量。
专家建议，想要通过吃素改善脂肪肝，需要遵循以下原则：
* **保证蛋白质摄入充足：** 每天摄入足够的豆制品、坚果、种子等优质蛋白来源，以满足肝脏修复和代谢需求。
* **控制碳水化合物摄入：** 选择粗粮、杂粮、薯类等低升糖指数的食物，避免过度摄入精制碳水化合物。
* **补充必需脂肪酸：** 适量食用富含亚麻籽油、核桃油等必需脂肪酸的食物，帮助肝脏代谢脂肪。
* **均衡膳食结构：** 除了素食之外，也要适当摄入一些优质肉类、鱼类、蛋类等，保证营养均衡。
专家强调，任何饮食方式都需要科学规划和执行，才能达到健康目的。建议在调整饮食前咨询专业营养师，制定个性化的膳食方案，并定期进行体检，及时调整饮食方案，确保身体健康。
英语如下：
##29-Year-Old Woman’s Fatty Liver Worsens After Halfa Year of Vegetarian Diet: Experts Reveal the Truth
**Keywords:** Vegetarian diet, fatty liver, misconceptions
**Content:**
A 29-year-old woman was diagnosed with mild fatty liver during a physical examination. Six monthslater, after adopting a vegetarian diet, she underwent another examination and discovered that her fatty liver had progressed to moderate to severe, leaving her perplexed. However,several nutrition experts have clarified that the worsening of her fatty liver is not due to the vegetarian diet itself, but rather the way she is “eating vegetarian.”
“Vegetarianism is a healthy dietary approach, but if it lacks scientific planning andexecution, it can actually worsen fatty liver,” said Professor Fan Zhihong, president of the Chinese Nutrition Society and professor at the College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering at China Agricultural University. “Vegetarian diets can easily lead to nutritional imbalances, especiallyinsufficient protein intake, which is essential for maintaining normal liver function.”
“This woman’s case may involve several factors,” explained Professor Fan. “Firstly, her vegetarian diet might be too limited, lacking sources of high-quality protein such as soy products, nuts, and seeds. Secondly, she might be overly relianton refined carbohydrates like white rice and steamed buns, causing large fluctuations in blood sugar and increasing the burden on the liver. Lastly, she might be lacking essential fatty acids, particularly those found in flaxseed oil and walnut oil, which are crucial for liver health.”
Wang Yumei, chief physician of the Department ofNutrition at Peking University People’s Hospital, also noted that many people assume that a vegetarian diet is inherently low-fat. However, many vegetarian foods contain fat, and some even have higher fat content than meat. For example, some deep-fried vegetarian dishes, nuts, and sesame paste are high in fat.
Experts recommend the following principles for improving fatty liver through a vegetarian diet:
* **Ensure sufficient protein intake:** Consume enough soy products, nuts, and seeds, which are high-quality protein sources, to meet the liver’s needs for repair and metabolism.
* **Control carbohydrate intake:** Choose whole grains, mixedgrains, and potatoes, which have a low glycemic index, and avoid excessive consumption of refined carbohydrates.
* **Supplement with essential fatty acids:** Consume foods rich in essential fatty acids like flaxseed oil and walnut oil to help the liver metabolize fat.
* **Maintain a balanced dietary structure:** In addition tovegetarian foods, include some high-quality meat, fish, and eggs to ensure a balanced diet.
Experts emphasize that any dietary approach requires scientific planning and execution to achieve health goals. They suggest consulting a professional nutritionist to develop a personalized dietary plan before making any dietary changes. Regular physical examinations are also crucial to monitorprogress and adjust the dietary plan as needed to ensure overall health.
【来源】https://www.zhihu.com/question/664799724
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