随着暑期的到来，孩子们的户外活动时间增多，但同时，长时间的室内学习和电子屏幕使用也可能导致视力问题。根据《健康中国微信公众号》的最新报道，家长应特别关注如何引导孩子科学用眼，以预防近视的产生和发展。
#### 假期科学用眼指南
1. **增加户外活动**：青少年每天户外活动时间应至少保持3小时，以减少近视风险。户外活动能够促进眼睛放松，减少近距离用眼的压力。
2. **减少长时间近距离用眼**：遵循“20-20-20”规则，即每近距离用眼20分钟，就将视线转移至20英尺（约6米）以外的物体上，至少持续20秒，以缓解眼疲劳。
3. **良好照明**：确保室内光线充足，避免在过强或过暗的光线下看书。使用40瓦特的日光灯时，应保持灯源距离桌面1.4米，使用电子设备时，屏幕亮度应适当降低，减少蓝光伤害。
4. **充足睡眠和均衡饮食**：充足的睡眠有助于缓解视觉疲劳，均衡饮食则可提供眼睛所需的营养，减少近视的风险。
#### 近视矫正方法与误区
– **近视矫正方法**：常见的方法包括佩戴眼镜或隐形眼镜，以及近视手术。OK镜通过塑形角膜来减少角膜屈光度，有助于矫正近视并可能减缓近视进展。近视手术则通过改变眼球的屈光度来矫正视力，但手术后仍需定期检查眼底，以防出现并发症。
– **常见误区**：许多人误以为近视手术能“治愈”近视，实际上手术只是将眼镜的屈光度“移植”到眼球上，并不能解决眼球结构变化。术后患者仍需每年定期检查眼底，以监测眼健康状况。
### 结论
家长在暑期期间应采取科学的方法，引导孩子合理安排学习与户外活动时间，减少近距离用眼，确保充足的睡眠和均衡饮食，以预防近视的发生与发展。同时，了解并正确选择近视矫正方法，避免常见误区，为孩子的视力健康保驾护航。
英语如下：
### For Parents: Guide to Corrective Measures for Myopia and Summer Eye Care Tips
As summer approaches, with increased outdoor activities for children, the risk of vision problems from prolonged indoor study and screen time also rises. According to the latest report from the ‘Health China’ WeChat public account, parents should pay special attention to guiding their children in proper eye use to prevent the onset and progression of myopia.
#### Summer Eye Care Guide
1. **Increase Outdoor Activities**: For teenagers, at least 3 hours of daily outdoor activities can significantly reduce the risk of myopia. Outdoor activities help relax the eyes and reduce the stress of close-up work.
2. **Limit Long Hours of Close-Up Work**: Follow the ’20-20-20′ rule, which suggests looking away from your screen at least 20 feet (approximately 6 meters) for 20 seconds after every 20 minutes of close-up work, to alleviate eye strain.
3. **Optimal Lighting**: Ensure sufficient indoor lighting and avoid reading under overly bright or dim lights. For a 40-watt bulb, maintain a distance of 1.4 meters between the light source and the desk. Lower the brightness of electronic devices to reduce blue light damage.
4. **Sufficient Sleep and Balanced Diet**: Adequate sleep helps alleviate visual fatigue, while a balanced diet provides the necessary nutrients for eye health, reducing the risk of myopia.
#### Myopia Correction Methods and Misconceptions
– **Myopia Correction Methods**: Common methods include wearing glasses or contact lenses, and myopia surgery. Orthokeratology (OK) lenses reshape the cornea to reduce myopia, aiding in correction and potentially slowing down the progression. Myopia surgery alters the eye’s refractive power, but post-surgery patients still need regular eye bottom checks to monitor eye health.
– **Common Misconceptions**: Many believe that myopia surgery can ‘cure’ myopia, which is a misconception; surgery merely transfers the refractive power of glasses onto the eye and does not address the structural changes of the eye. Post-surgery patients should undergo annual eye bottom checks to monitor eye health.
### Conclusion
During summer, parents should adopt scientific methods to guide their children in balancing study and outdoor activities, reducing close-up work, ensuring sufficient sleep, and maintaining a balanced diet to prevent the development of myopia. At the same time, it’s crucial to understand and correctly choose myopia correction methods, avoiding common pitfalls, to safeguard their children’s eye health.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/life/2024/07-28/10259111.shtml
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