随着中国农业的持续发展，上半年夏粮的丰收与农业经济的平稳运行成为关注的焦点。今年夏粮产量达到了2995.6亿斤，较去年增加了72.5亿斤，创下了近9年来的最高增产幅度。这一成绩的取得，主要得益于两个方面：一是面积稳中有增，去年秋播期间，各地积极应对不利条件，实现了应种尽种，夏收小麦面积达到3.46亿亩，比去年增加了47.5万亩；二是单产提升，通过集成推广关键技术，如深翻整地、播后镇压、水肥一体化等，并在关键农时实施“一喷三防”，加强病虫害的统防统治，夏收期间组织60多万台联合收割机进行跨地区作业，有效增产与减少损失协同推进。
### 畜牧业稳定发展，肉类供给充裕
畜牧业在上半年也展现出稳定发展的态势。猪肉、羊肉产量虽有所下降，但牛肉、牛奶、禽肉、禽蛋的产量稳定增加，特别是牛奶产量达到了1856万吨，较去年增长了3.4%，充分展示了畜牧业的韧性与活力。这些数据不仅反映出国内畜牧业的持续增长，也体现了对市场稳定供给的有力支撑。
### 秋粮形势良好，防灾减灾不容忽视
当前，正值防汛抗旱的关键期，同时也是秋粮作物产量形成的关键期。尽管农作物受灾面积有所增加，但成灾面积同比减少了600多万亩。农业农村部表示，将高度重视防灾减灾工作，针对可能出现的极端天气，加强监测预警，组织科技人员下沉一线，精准指导农业生产，确保秋粮丰收。
### 政策与措施并举，保障粮食安全
在确保粮食安全方面，农业农村部强调了政策与措施的协同作用。通过调整优化种植结构、提升农业科技水平、加强病虫害防治、提高农业抗灾能力等措施，既促进了粮食产量的稳定增长，也保障了农业经济的平稳运行。同时，对于生猪产能的调控，将能繁母猪保有量作为调控“总开关”，通过精准施策，确保产能稳定在合理区间，为畜牧业的健康发展提供了坚实基础。
### 结语
上半年，中国农业经济在夏粮丰收与畜牧业稳定发展的双重利好下，展现出了强大的韧性与活力。面对未来可能出现的挑战，通过科学的政策指导、精准的农业生产、高效的灾害应对，相信能够进一步巩固农业经济的平稳运行，为全年粮食生产稳定和经济持续向好奠定坚实基础。
英语如下：
### Grains Harvested in Summer and Stable Agricultural Economy: Review of China’s Agricultural Economy in the First Half of the Year
Keywords: Summer grain harvest, agricultural stability, livestock development
### Grains Harvested in Summer, and Agricultural Economy Runs Smoothly in the First Half
With the continuous development of China’s agriculture, the focus in the first half of the year has been on the bumper summer grain harvest and the smooth operation of the agricultural economy. This year, the summer grain production reached 150.5 billion catties, an increase of 7.25 billion catties compared to last year, marking the highest increase in production in nearly nine years. This achievement was primarily due to two factors: an increase in planting area with efforts to maximize planting, where local areas proactively dealt with unfavorable conditions during the autumn sowing period, resulting in a total summer wheat area of 227 million mu, an increase of 475,000 mu compared to the previous year; and an increase in single yield, thanks to the integration and promotion of key technologies such as deep plowing, post-seeding compaction, water-fertilizer integration, and the implementation of “one spray and three protections” during key agricultural periods, which also involved the organization of over 6 million joint harvest machines for inter-regional operations, effectively promoting production while minimizing losses.
### Livestock Industry Stays Stable, Meat Supply is Ample
The livestock industry also exhibited a stable development trend in the first half of the year. Although pork and mutton production decreased, beef, milk, poultry meat, and poultry eggs saw stable increases. In particular, milk production reached 18.56 million tons, an increase of 3.4% compared to the previous year, vividly demonstrating the resilience and vitality of the livestock industry. These data not only reflect the continuous growth of domestic livestock production but also provide strong support for market stability.
### Favorable Conditions for Autumn Grains, Disasters Cannot Be Ignored
Currently, it is a critical period for flood control and drought prevention, as well as the formation of autumn grain yields. Although the area affected by disasters has increased, the area that has been damaged has decreased by over 6 million mu compared to the previous year. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs emphasized the importance of disaster prevention and mitigation work, with heightened monitoring and warning for possible extreme weather conditions. The deployment of scientific personnel to the front line provided precise guidance for agricultural production, ensuring the bumper harvest of autumn grains.
### Policies and Measures Work Together, Safeguarding Food Security
In ensuring food security, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs emphasized the synergistic role of policies and measures. Through adjustments in the structure of planting, enhancing the level of agricultural science and technology, strengthening disease and pest control, and improving the agricultural disaster resistance capacity, it not only promoted the stable growth of grain production but also ensured the smooth operation of the agricultural economy. In terms of hog production, maintaining a reasonable range for the breeding sow herd was identified as the “master switch” for capacity regulation, ensuring stable capacity through precise policy implementation, laying a solid foundation for the healthy development of the livestock industry.
### Conclusion
In the first half of the year, China’s agricultural economy, benefiting from the double boon of a bumper summer grain harvest and a stable livestock industry, demonstrated remarkable resilience and vitality. Facing potential challenges in the future, through scientific policy guidance, precise agricultural production, and efficient disaster response, it is believed that the agricultural economy can further consolidate its smooth operation, laying a solid foundation for the stable grain production and the continuous economic improvement for the entire year.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2024/07-27/10258389.shtml
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