美国政府问责署近日公布的一份报告显示，五角大楼在对援助乌克兰的弹药、导弹和其他军事装备进行估值计算时，又发现了价值20亿美元的错误，从而使对乌军援的记账错误金额提高至82亿美元。
据此前报道，2023年5月18日，美国五角大楼承认，已发现美国对乌克兰军事援助存在装备估值高于实际值的问题，美国防部将部分装备的价值高估了至少30亿美元。同年6月20日，五角大楼表示，由于记账错误，其对乌克兰援助的弹药、导弹和其他设备的价值高估了62亿美元。这一数字是之前披露金额的两倍多，从5月份首次报道的30亿美元修正为62亿美元。
路透社报道称，五角大楼告诉美国政府问责署，此后又有20亿美元的记账错误被发现。因此，美方可以向乌克兰追加提供价值20亿美元的物资，以达到拜登政府批准的援助金额。
美国政府问责署称，美国《对外援助法》中对物品估价模糊，“总统拨款权”也缺乏具体的估值指导，导致军事援助物资价值统计不一致。报道指出，美国政府问责署已建议国会明晰“总统拨款权”相关国防物品的估值，并向国防部提出了七项建议，敦促国防部更新指导方针，纳入针对“总统拨款权”的估值部分，并制定针对具体部门的估值程序。国防部表示已接受所有建议，并概述了为解决这些问题将采取的行动。
这一系列记账错误事件反映出美国在对乌克兰的军事援助过程中存在一定程度的混乱和效率低下。美国国防部需要采取措施，确保援助物资的估值更加准确，以避免未来的类似问题，并确保美国纳税人的资金得到有效使用。同时，这也提醒国际社会在提供援助时，应注重援助流程的透明度和准确性，以增强受援国的信任和援助效果。
英语如下：
Title: “Mistakes in U.S. Military Aid to Ukraine Total $8.2 Billion”
Keywords: U.S. Aid to Ukraine, Valuation Errors, Amount Increases to $8.2 Billion
Content:
A recent report published by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) shows that the Pentagon has discovered a $2 billion error in valuing ammunition, missiles, and other military equipment provided to Ukraine, bringing the total accounting mistake for the U.S. military aid to Ukraine to $8.2 billion.
As previously reported, on May 18, 2023, the U.S. Department of Defense admitted that there were issues with the valuation of military aid to Ukraine, where equipment was valued higher than its actual worth. The Department of Defense overvalued at least $300 million worth of equipment. On June 20, 2023, the Pentagon stated that due to accounting errors, the value of the aid provided to Ukraine, including ammunition, missiles, and other equipment, had been overestimated by $6.2 billion. This figure is more than double the amount previously disclosed, corrected from $300 million to $6.2 billion, as first reported in May.
According to a Reuters report, the Pentagon informed the Government Accountability Office that further $2 billion in accounting errors were found. Consequently, the U.S. can provide Ukraine with an additional $2 billion worth of supplies to meet the aid amount approved by the Biden administration.
The Government Accountability Office noted that the U.S. Foreign Assistance Act lacks clarity on the valuation of items, and the “Presidential Preference Authority” lacks specific valuation guidance, leading to inconsistencies in the statistical value of military aid supplies. The report points out that the Government Accountability Office has recommended that Congress clarify the valuation of defense items related to the “Presidential Preference Authority,” and has proposed seven recommendations to the Department of Defense, urging the department to update guidelines to include valuation for the “Presidential Preference Authority” and to establish valuation procedures for specific departments. The Department of Defense has accepted all the recommendations and outlined the actions it will take to address these issues.
These series of accounting errors reflect a degree of confusion and inefficiency in the U.S. military aid process to Ukraine. The U.S. Department of Defense needs to take measures to ensure that the valuation of aid supplies is more accurate to avoid similar issues in the future and to ensure that U.S. taxpayer funds are used effectively. This also serves as a reminder to the international community that transparency and accuracy in the aid process are crucial when providing assistance, to enhance trust among beneficiaries and the effectiveness of aid.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2024/07-26/10258138.shtml
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