随着夏日炎炎，多地持续发布高温预警，不仅户外工作者需要警惕中暑，家中的老年人同样面临着严峻的健康挑战。近期，医疗专家在“名医讲堂”栏目中强调，热射病作为中暑的极端形式，其潜在危害不容忽视，尤其是对于身体机能逐渐衰退的老年人群体。
热射病，通常被称为重症中暑，是由于长时间暴露在高温环境下，导致体温调节功能失控，体温急剧升高，进而引发器官功能衰竭的严重健康危机。其症状包括高热、意识模糊、抽搐、极度疲惫等，严重时甚至可能危及生命。老年人由于自身免疫力下降，加之可能存在的慢性疾病，如心血管疾病、糖尿病等，使得他们成为热射病的高风险人群。
为了有效预防热射病，专家建议采取以下措施：
1. **保持室内凉爽**：确保家中有空调或电扇，定期检查空调系统，保持室内通风良好，使用遮阳帘或窗帘避免阳光直射。
2. **适量饮水**：即使不感到口渴，也应定时补充水分，避免脱水。选择凉爽、清淡的饮品，如绿豆汤、西瓜汁等。
3. **合理安排活动**：避免在一天中最热的时段进行户外活动，尤其是中午至下午时段。尽量选择清晨或傍晚进行户外活动。
4. **注意营养均衡**：保证充足的蛋白质和维生素摄入，增强身体抵抗力。
5. **定期检查健康状况**：对于有慢性疾病的老年人，应定期进行健康检查，及时调整治疗方案，预防相关并发症。
通过上述措施，老年人在家也能有效应对夏日高温，降低热射病的风险。社会各层面应共同努力，提供必要的帮助和支持，确保老年人群体安全度过炎炎夏日，享受健康、舒适的生活。
英语如下：
Title: Heat Wave Warnings Surge, Urgent Steps Needed for Homebound Elderly to Prevent Heatstroke
Keywords: heatstroke, heat wave warnings, heatstroke awareness
Content: Amidst the scorching summer heat, multiple regions continue to issue heat wave warnings, not only posing a threat to outdoor workers but also demanding heightened concern for homebound elderly individuals. Recently, medical experts highlighted in the “Expert Lecture Hall” segment the critical importance of not overlooking heatstroke, an extreme form of heat exhaustion, particularly for the elderly, whose body functions are gradually declining.
Heatstroke, commonly known as severe heat exhaustion, is a severe health crisis characterized by a body’s inability to regulate temperature effectively due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, leading to a rapid rise in body temperature and subsequent organ failure. Symptoms include high fever, disorientation, seizures, extreme fatigue, and, in severe cases, life-threatening conditions. Elderly individuals, due to their declining immune system and potential underlying health conditions such as cardiovascular disease or diabetes, are at a high risk for heatstroke.
To effectively prevent heatstroke, experts recommend the following measures:
1. **Maintain Indoor Coolness**: Ensure that homes are equipped with air conditioning or fans, and regularly check and maintain the air conditioning system. Promote good ventilation and use curtains or blinds to shield against direct sunlight.
2. **Hydration Management**: Drink water regularly, even if not thirsty, to prevent dehydration. Opt for cool, light beverages such as绿豆汤 (green bean soup) or watermelon juice.
3. **Timely Outdoor Activities**: Avoid engaging in outdoor activities during the hottest parts of the day, especially from midday to early afternoon. Opt for morning or late afternoon outdoor activities instead.
4. **Balanced Nutrition**: Consume sufficient proteins and vitamins to strengthen the body’s resistance.
5. **Regular Health Checks**: For elderly individuals with chronic conditions, regular health check-ups are essential to adjust treatment plans and prevent complications.
By implementing these measures, elderly individuals can effectively cope with summer heat at home, significantly reducing the risk of heatstroke. It is crucial for society to collectively provide necessary assistance and support to ensure the safety and comfort of the elderly during the hot summer months, allowing them to enjoy a healthy and comfortable lifestyle.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/life/2024/07-12/10250083.shtml
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