美国财政部长耶伦近日在接受美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）采访时指出，美国经济正在实现长期追求的“软着陆”。在这种情况下，高通胀得到了抑制，劳动力市场并未受到严重损害。耶伦表示，“这在历史上是不寻常的”。
所谓“软着陆”，是指经济增长速度逐渐减缓，但并未陷入衰退，同时物价稳定，就业市场保持良好。近年来，美国经济面临着诸多挑战，包括新冠疫情带来的冲击和高通胀压力。然而，在耶伦看来，美国经济正在逐步实现这种平衡。
首先，通胀水平已呈现出下降趋势。去年年底，美国消费者价格指数（CPI）同比上涨7%，达到40年来的最高点。但在近期，通胀压力开始缓解，11月份CPI同比增长6.8%，预计未来通胀率将继续下降。
其次，劳动力市场依然强劲。尽管疫情对部分行业造成了冲击，但整体来看，美国就业市场保持了稳定。失业率目前已降至4.2%，远低于疫情初期的水平。强劲的劳动力市场有助于提高居民收入，进一步支撑消费增长。
此外，经济增长放缓但未陷入衰退。在耶伦的领导下，美国政府实施了一系列财政政策，以应对疫情对经济的冲击。这些政策在一定程度上促进了经济增长，避免了经济大幅下滑。
然而，值得注意的是，美国经济“软着陆”的实现仍面临诸多不确定性。包括疫情演变、地缘政治风险和货币政策调整等因素都可能对美国经济产生影响。此外，尽管通胀和就业市场状况好转，但贫富差距和社会不公问题依然突出，这也将成为美国经济实现长期稳定增长所需面临的挑战。
Title: Yellen Says U.S. Economy Achieving “Soft Landing”
Keywords: Yellen, U.S. Economy, Soft Landing
News Content:
U.S. Treasury Secretary Yellen recently pointed out that the U.S. economy is achieving the long-pursued “soft landing.” In this case, high inflation has been suppressed, and the labor market has not been seriously damaged. Yellen said, “This is unusual in history.”
The so-called “soft landing” refers to a situation where economic growth slows down gradually, but does not fall into recession, with stable prices and a good labor market. In recent years, the U.S. economy has faced numerous challenges, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and high inflation pressures. However, Yellen believes that the U.S. economy is gradually achieving this balance.
Firstly, inflation levels have shown a downward trend. At the end of last year, the U.S. consumer price index (CPI) rose 7%, reaching its highest level in 40 years. However, in recent times, inflation pressures have begun to ease, with the CPI increasing 6.8% year-on-year in November. It is expected that inflation rates will continue to decline in the future.
Secondly, the labor market remains strong. Despite the disruption caused by the pandemic in some industries, the overall labor market remains stable. The unemployment rate has now fallen to 4.2%, far lower than the level during the early stages of the pandemic. The strong labor market helps to increase residents’ income, further supporting consumption growth.
Additionally, economic growth has slowed down but not fallen into recession. Under Yellen’s leadership, the U.S. government has implemented various fiscal policies to address the impact of the pandemic on the economy. To some extent, these policies have promoted economic growth, avoiding a sharp decline.
However, it is worth noting that the realization of a “soft landing” in the U.S. economy still faces many uncertainties. Including the evolution of the pandemic, geopolitical risks, and adjustments to monetary policy, these factors could affect the U.S. economy. Furthermore, despite the improvement in inflation and labor market conditions, issues such as income inequality and social injustice still persist, which will also be a challenge for the long-term stable growth of the U.S. economy.
【来源】https://www.zhihu.com/question/638336048
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