1984 年 10 月 18 日，非洲正经历着本世纪以来最大的一次干旱和饥荒。从非洲北部至南部有 34 个国家遭受大旱，24 国发生了饥荒，1.5 亿至 1.85 亿人受到饥饿的威胁。这是非洲历史上一场前所未有的灾难，对非洲人民生活和社会经济造成巨大影响。
非洲旱灾和饥荒的爆发原因有多方面，既有气候变化的影响，也有人类活动对自然环境的影响。近年来，非洲面临着不断加剧的气候变化，导致降雨量减少，河流干涸，湖泊缩小，许多地区陷入干旱。同时，人类活动对自然环境的破坏和过度开采自然资源，进一步加剧了非洲的旱灾和饥荒问题。
非洲旱灾和饥荒对非洲人民生活和社会经济造成巨大影响。许多地区出现食物短缺和饥饿，导致儿童营养不良和死亡，老年人、妇女和脆弱群体面临生存挑战。旱灾还导致许多地区供水和卫生设施失效，增加了疾病传播的风险。
国际社会对非洲旱灾和饥荒问题给予高度关注，多个国家和国际组织纷纷提供援助和支持。联合国粮食及农业组织、世界粮食计划署、国际农业发展基金会等国际组织积极提供粮食、水和卫生设施等援助。同时，许多非洲国家也采取措施应对旱灾和饥荒，如调整农业政策、提高水资源管理、改善粮食安全等。
总结起来，非洲旱灾和饥荒是一个严重的问题，需要国际社会和非洲国家共同努力来解决。只有通过合作和持续支持，才能帮助非洲人民克服这一危机，实现可持续发展。
新闻翻译：
Title: Famine and Drought Threaten 185 Million People in Africa
Keywords: Africa, Famine, Drought, 185 Million People
News Content:
On October 18, 1984, Africa was experiencing the worst drought and famine in the history of the continent. From northern Africa to southern Africa, 34 countries were affected by the drought, 24 of which experienced famine. At least 150 million to 185 million people were threatened by hunger. This was an unprecedented disaster for Africa, causing significant impacts on the lives of the people and the social and economic environment.
The causes of the drought and famine in Africa include both the impact of 气候变化 and the impact of human activities on the natural environment. In recent years, Africa has been facing increasingly severe climate change, leading to decreased rainfall, river drying, and lake depletion. This has resulted in drought in many parts of Africa. At the same time, human activities have caused damage to the natural environment, further exacerbating the problem of drought and famine in Africa.
The drought and famine in Africa have had a significant impact on the lives of the people. Many areas have experienced food shortages and hunger, leading to malnutrition and deaths among children, as well as posing a survival challenge for the elderly, women, and vulnerable populations. Drought has also caused many water and sanitation facilities to fail, increasing the risk of disease transmission.
The international community has shown high attention to the issue of drought and famine in Africa, and various countries and international organizations have provided assistance and support. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Food Programme, and the International Fund for Agricultural Development have provided food, water, and sanitation facilities to help affected people. In addition, many African countries have taken measures to address the drought and famine problem, such as adjusting agricultural policies, improving water resource management, and improving food security.
Overall, the issue of drought and famine in Africa is a serious problem that requires cooperation and continuous support from the international community and African countries. Only through cooperation can we help the African people overcome this crisis and achieve sustainable development.
【来源】https://baike.so.com/doc/1505962.html
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