人工智能浪潮下的能源危机：美国议员提法案应对
生成式人工智能（AIGC）的兴起正引发一场技术革命，但其背后隐藏的能源消耗问题也令人担忧。近日，美国马萨诸塞州参议员埃德·马基等民主党人提出了《2024年人工智能环境影响法案》，旨在应对人工智能带来的能源危机。
AIGC模型，如ChatGPT和DALL-E 2，需要庞大的计算能力，消耗大量能源和水资源。研究表明，训练一个大型语言模型可能需要相当于一个美国家庭 10 年的用电量。
马基参议员表示：“人工智能的快速发展带来了巨大的好处，但我们必须确保它不会以牺牲我们的环境为代价。”他指出，人工智能的能源消耗正在加剧气候变化危机。
该法案提议建立评估人工智能对环境影响的标准，并为人工智能开发者和运营商创建一个自愿报告框架。报告将包括人工智能模型的能源消耗、碳足迹和水资源使用情况。
法案还要求人工智能开发者探索节能措施，例如使用可再生能源、优化算法和提高硬件效率。此外，它还鼓励政府投资研究和开发更节能的人工智能技术。
该法案得到了环保组织和科技公司的支持。绿色和平组织表示，该法案是“迈向负责任的人工智能发展的重要一步”。谷歌和微软等科技巨头也表示，他们致力于减少人工智能的能源消耗。
《2024年人工智能环境影响法案》是美国首次针对人工智能能源消耗问题提出的立法。它反映了人们对人工智能快速发展带来的环境影响的担忧。如果该法案获得通过，将有助于促进人工智能的可持续发展，并确保它不会加剧气候变化危机。
英语如下：
**Headline:** Generative AI Energy Crisis Raises Alarm, US Lawmakers ProposeBill to Address
**Keywords:** Artificial Intelligence, Energy, Environment
**Body:**
The rise of generative artificial intelligence (AIGC) is sparking atechnological revolution, but concerns are growing over its hidden energy consumption. In response, Democratic lawmakers including US Senator Ed Markey of Massachusetts have introduced the Artificial Intelligence Environmental Impact Act of 2024.
AIGC models, such as ChatGPT and DALL-E 2, require immense computing power, consumingvast amounts of energy and water. Studies have shown that training a single large language model can use as much electricity as an average American household over a decade.
“The rapid advancement of AI holds tremendous promise, but we must ensure it does not come at the expense of our environment,” said Senator Markey. He noted that AI’s energy consumption is exacerbating the climate crisis.
The bill proposes establishing standards for assessing the environmental impact of AI and creating a voluntary reporting framework for AI developers and operators. Reports would include data on AI models’ energy consumption, carbon footprint, and water usage.
The legislation also requires AI developers toexplore energy-saving measures, such as using renewable energy, optimizing algorithms, and improving hardware efficiency. It further encourages government investment in research and development of more energy-efficient AI technologies.
The bill has garnered support from environmental groups and tech companies. Greenpeace called it “an important step toward responsible AI development.” Tech giants like Google and Microsoft have also expressed their commitment to reducing AI’s energy consumption.
The Artificial Intelligence Environmental Impact Act of 2024 is the first US legislation to address the issue of AI energy consumption. It reflects growing concerns over the environmental implications of AI’s rapid advancement. If passed, the bill would help promote the sustainable development of AI and ensure it does not worsen the climate crisis.
【来源】https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_26438846
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