福岛核污染水排海一年：超6万吨入海，30年计划成未知数
中新网8月24日电 (张奥林) 一年前的今天，日本悍然向太平洋排放福岛核污染水。至今，已有超过6万吨的核污染水被排放到海洋中，而这仅仅是日本政府和东京电力公司（东电）计划持续30年排放的开始。
这一年，福岛核电站经历了多起严重的安全事故，包括冷却水泄漏、核废料取出工作失败等。这些事件引发了日本国内外民众的广泛质疑，也让外界对东电在处理核污染水问题上的可靠性和透明度产生了极大怀疑。
尽管如此，日本政府和东电仍执意排污，并声称整个排污计划将持续30年。然而，随着福岛核电站报废工作进展缓慢，核污染水仍在以每天约90吨的速度激增，30年内排完的目标已经越来越不现实。
根据东电的计划，2024年度他们打算分7次排放总计5.46万吨的核污染水，这个数字是2023年度排放量的约1.7倍。到2024年底，流入太平洋的核污染水总量将达到约8万吨。
然而，这与福岛核电站的核污染水存量相比，仅仅是“冰山一角”。在正式排放开始前，福岛核电站的核污染水存量已经高达130万吨，要全部处理完毕，至少需要30年。
更令人担忧的是，福岛核电站的报废工作进展缓慢。日本政府此前设定的目标是在核事故发生40年后的2051年前，彻底完成报废工作，但报废工作中的“最大难关”——核残渣取出工作，进展情况却非常不理想。
原本计划在2021年就要开始的核残渣取出工作，已多次推迟。折腾了三年多，东电好不容易在8月19日宣布，核废料取出工作将从8月22日开始，结果还是出现了问题。当天开工前，因为工程设备安装顺序出错，导致作业还没开始就宣告失败。
日本广播协会(NHK)在报道中指出，鉴于目前的情况，要想在2051年完成报废计划，不确定性越来越大，这意味着福岛核污染水将持续增加，30年内排完的目标，已经越来越不现实。
除了排放量和时间问题，核污染水的安全性也引发了广泛担忧。2023年10月，福岛核电站发生多起核污染水溅射事件，导致多名作业员被辐射。这些事件进一步证明了东电在处理核污染水问题上的不专业和不负责任。
目前，日本政府和东电在处理核污染水问题上的态度和做法，已经引起了国际社会的强烈谴责。许多国家和国际组织呼吁日本政府停止排放核污染水，并采取更安全、更负责任的处理方式。
福岛核污染水排海事件，不仅对日本周边国家和地区的环境安全构成威胁，也对全球海洋生态环境构成潜在风险。国际社会必须共同关注这一问题，敦促日本政府采取负责任的态度，妥善处理福岛核污染水，确保全球海洋环境的安全。
英语如下：
Here’s the English translation of the provided information:
Headline:Over 60,000 Tons of Fukushima Nuclear Wastewater Released into theSea: Just the Tip of the Iceberg?
Keywords: Nuclear contaminated water, ocean discharge, one year
Content:
Fukushima Nuclear Contaminated Water Discharge: Over 60,000 Tons Released in One Year, 30-Year Plan Uncertain
BEIJING, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) – One year ago today, Japan began discharging contaminated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the Pacific Ocean. To date, over 60,000 tons of contaminated water have been released,marking only the beginning of a 30-year plan by the Japanese government and Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO).
Over the past year, the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant has experienced numerous serious safety incidents, including cooling waterleaks and failed nuclear waste removal operations. These events have sparked widespread criticism both domestically and internationally, raising serious doubts about TEPCO’s reliability and transparency in handling the contaminated water issue.
Despite the concerns, the Japanese government and TEPCO have persisted with the discharge, claiming that the entire plan will span30 years. However, as the decommissioning of the Fukushima plant progresses slowly, contaminated water continues to accumulate at a rate of approximately 90 tons per day, making the 30-year discharge target increasingly unrealistic.
According to TEPCO’s plan, they intend to release a total of54,600 tons of contaminated water in seven separate discharges during the 2024 fiscal year, a volume approximately 1.7 times greater than the amount released in 2023. By the end of 2024, the total volume of contaminated water flowing into the PacificOcean will reach approximately 80,000 tons.
However, this figure represents a mere “tip of the iceberg” compared to the total volume of contaminated water stored at the Fukushima plant. Before the official discharge began, the plant already held 1.3 million tons of contaminated water. It will takeat least 30 years to completely process this entire volume.
Even more concerning is the slow pace of the Fukushima plant’s decommissioning. The Japanese government had initially set a target of completing the decommissioning process by 2051, 40 years after the nuclear accident. However, the “biggest hurdle” in the decommissioning process – the removal of nuclear debris – has been plagued by delays.
The removal of nuclear debris, initially scheduled to begin in 2021, has been postponed multiple times. After over three years of delays, TEPCO finally announced on August 19 that theremoval operation would commence on August 22. However, problems arose even before the work began. An error in the installation sequence of engineering equipment led to the operation being called off before it even started.
Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) reported that given the current situation, the uncertainty surrounding the completion of the decommissioningplan by 2051 is growing. This means that the volume of contaminated water at Fukushima will continue to increase, rendering the 30-year discharge target increasingly unrealistic.
Beyond the volume and timeframe, the safety of the contaminated water has also sparked widespread concern. In October 2023,multiple incidents of contaminated water splashing occurred at the Fukushima plant, exposing several workers to radiation. These incidents further demonstrate TEPCO’s lack of professionalism and responsibility in handling the contaminated water issue.
The Japanese government and TEPCO’s current approach to dealing with the contaminated water has drawn strong condemnation from the internationalcommunity. Numerous countries and international organizations have called on the Japanese government to halt the discharge of contaminated water and adopt safer, more responsible methods of disposal.
The Fukushima contaminated water discharge incident not only poses a threat to the environmental safety of neighboring countries and regions but also presents a potential risk to the global marine ecosystem. Theinternational community must collectively pay attention to this issue and urge the Japanese government to take a responsible approach, properly manage the Fukushima contaminated water, and ensure the safety of the global marine environment.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2024/08-24/10273949.shtml
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