“七下八上”期间中国平均气温创历史新高，高温热浪席卷全国
中新社北京8月23日电 (记者 陈溯) 记者23日从中国气象局国家气候中心获悉，2024年“七下八上”期间(7月16日至8月15日)，中国气候总体呈现暖湿特征，全国平均降水量偏多，但全国平均气温却创下1961年以来历史同期最高。
数据显示，“七下八上”期间，中国平均降水量为132.5毫米，较常年同期偏多12.8%，为1961年以来历史同期第5多。北方地区和华中南部、华南东部等地降水量普遍偏多，其中辽宁和吉林降水量更是创下历史同期最高纪录。然而，长江中下游地区及重庆、贵州中西部、云南中北部、甘肃中部、内蒙古西部、新疆北部等地降水量却偏少两成至八成。
与降水量偏多形成鲜明对比的是，同期全国平均气温达到23.5℃，较常年同期偏高1.3℃，创下1961年以来历史同期最高纪录。全国有20个省份平均气温分别位列历史同期前三，苏皖浙云4省平均气温更是创下历史同期最高，京津冀晋鲁黑吉沪湘黔10省份则位列第二高。
高温热浪席卷全国，也带来了不同程度的影响。北方地区暴雨过程频繁，致灾性强。7月20日至8月15日，东北地区强降水过程频繁，黑龙江南部、吉林大部、辽宁大部累计降水量有200至400毫米，辽宁中东部超过400毫米，上述地区累计降水量较常年同期偏多五成以上，其中吉林西部、辽宁中东部等地偏多1至2倍。频繁的强降水导致部分农田遭受较重渍涝灾害，牡丹江、西流松花江、鸭绿江、东辽河等河流发生编号洪水。
南方地区则受到持续高温天气的影响。7月3日以来的高温过程持续影响南方地区，具有影响范围广、持续时间长、极端性强等特点。7月16日以来，江南大部以及重庆等地高温日数有20至25天，浙江大部、江西东北部以及福建北部等地超过25天，浙江大部、江西东北部、安徽东南部、江苏南部等地最长连续高温日数有15至20天。
专家指出，近年来，全球气候变暖趋势明显，极端天气事件频发，给人类社会带来巨大挑战。面对气候变化带来的严峻形势，加强气候监测预警，做好防灾减灾工作，提高应对气候变化的能力，显得尤为重要。
英语如下：
China’s Hottest Summer on Record: “Seven Down, Eight Up” Period Sees Record High Temperatures
Keywords: High temperatures, warm and humid, above average
Content:
BEIJING, Aug. 23 (Xinhua) — The “Seven Down, Eight Up” period (July 16 to August 15) in 2024 saw a record high average temperature across China, with a heatwave sweeping the country, according to the National Climate Center of China Meteorological Administration.
Data shows that during this period, China’s average precipitation was 132.5 millimeters, 12.8% higher than the average for the same periodin previous years, marking the fifth highest in history since 1961. Precipitation was generally above average in northern China, central and southern Hubei, and eastern South China, with Liaoning and Jilin experiencing record high precipitation forthe same period. However, precipitation was 20% to 80% below average in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, as well as in central and western Chongqing, central and western Guizhou, central and northern Yunnan, central Gansu, western Inner Mongolia, and northern Xinjiang.
In stark contrast to the above-average precipitation, the national average temperature during the same period reached 23.5 degrees Celsius, 1.3 degrees Celsius higher than the average for the same period in previous years, setting a record high for the same period since 1961. Twenty provinces acrossthe country saw their average temperatures rank among the top three for the same period in history, with Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, and Yunnan recording their highest average temperatures for the same period, while Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shanghai, Hunan, and Guizhou saw their second highest average temperatures.
The heatwave sweeping across the country has brought varying degrees of impact. Northern China has experienced frequent torrential rain events with strong disaster potential. From July 20 to August 15, northeastern China saw frequent heavy rainfall, with southern Heilongjiang, most of Jilin, and most of Liaoning receiving 200 to 400 millimeters of accumulated rainfall, and over 400 millimeters in eastern and central Liaoning. The accumulated rainfall in these areas was more than 50% higher than the average for the same period in previous years, with some areasin western Jilin and eastern and central Liaoning seeing 1 to 2 times the average. The frequent heavy rainfall has led to severe waterlogging damage in some farmlands, and the Mudanjiang, West Songhua, Yalu, and Dongliao rivers have experienced numbered floods.
Southern China, onthe other hand, has been affected by persistent high temperatures. The high-temperature period, which began on July 3, has continued to impact southern China, characterized by a wide range of impact, long duration, and strong extremity. Since July 16, most of Jiangnan and Chongqing have experienced 20 to 25 days of high temperatures, while most of Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi, and northern Fujian have seen over 25 days, with most of Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi, southeastern Anhui, and southern Jiangsu experiencing 15 to 20 days of consecutive high temperatures.
Experts pointout that in recent years, the global warming trend has become increasingly evident, with frequent extreme weather events posing significant challenges to human society. In the face of the severe situation brought about by climate change, it is crucial to strengthen climate monitoring and early warning, do a good job in disaster prevention and mitigation, and enhance ourability to adapt to climate change.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/sh/2024/08-23/10273648.shtml
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