中国收紧网络小额贷款监管，单户贷款余额上限出台
中新社北京8月23日电 (记者 夏宾 王恩博) 中国国家金融监督管理总局23日发布《小额贷款公司监督管理暂行办法(征求意见稿)》，其中明确规定了网络小额贷款公司单户贷款余额上限，旨在加强业务集中度监管，防范风险，保护消费者合法权益。
根据《暂行办法》，网络小额贷款公司对自然人用于消费的贷款余额上限为单户20万元人民币。这一规定与持牌金融机构同等金额的单户贷款上限保持一致，主要考虑是坚持同类业务同一监管标准的功能监管思路，防止监管套利。同时，考虑到网络小额贷款公司的个人消费贷款客户多为下沉市场的长尾人群，这一上限基本能够满足其需求，也能一定程度上避免非理性的过度借贷。
对于网络小额贷款公司的经营性贷款，则不区分自然人与法人，统一规定单户1000万元的上限。这一规定旨在坚持审慎监管，有效防范风险，并对标银行业同类贷款定义。
为了确保相关规定平稳落地实施，《暂行办法》设置了两年的政策过渡期。对于目前单户金额超过上限的存量贷款，到期自然结清；对于贷款到期后有续贷需求的客户，网络小额贷款公司将在过渡期间逐步调整单户金额，实现资金接续“软着陆”。
除了单户贷款余额上限，《暂行办法》还提出了一系列其他监管措施，包括严禁出租出借牌照等违规“通道”业务，要求不得使用合作机构的预存保证金等资金放贷，不得与无放贷资质的机构开展联合贷款，不得向无放贷资质的机构转让信贷资产等。
近年来，网络小额贷款行业发展迅速，但也存在一些风险隐患，例如过度借贷、信息泄露、违规放贷等。此次《暂行办法》的出台，旨在规范网络小额贷款公司经营行为，防范金融风险，维护金融市场稳定，促进网络小额贷款行业健康发展。
专家表示，此次监管措施的出台，将有效规范网络小额贷款行业发展，促进其健康、可持续发展。同时，也提醒消费者要理性借贷，避免过度负债，维护自身合法权益。
英语如下：
China Tightens Regulations on Online Microloans, Sets Single-Borrower LoanBalance Cap
Keywords: Microloan Regulation, Balance Cap, Solicitation ofOpinions
Content:
BEIJING, Aug. 23 (Xinhua) – China’s National Administration of Financial Regulation (NAFR)on Tuesday released the “Draft Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Small Loan Companies,” which sets a cap on the single-borrower loan balance for online microloan companies. The move aims to strengthen supervision of business concentration, prevent risks, and protect consumer rights.
According to the “Draft Measures,” the maximum loan balance for online microloan companies for natural persons for consumption purposes is set at200,000 yuan (about $28,000) per borrower. This regulation aligns with the single-borrower loan limit for licensed financial institutions, reflecting a functional regulatory approach that applies the same standards tosimilar businesses and prevents regulatory arbitrage. The cap is also designed to meet the needs of the long-tail population in the sinking market, who are the majority of online microloan companies’ individual consumer loan clients, while preventing excessive borrowing.
For business loans provided by online microloan companies, the cap is uniformly set at10 million yuan per borrower, regardless of whether the borrower is a natural person or a legal entity. This provision aims to maintain prudent supervision, effectively prevent risks, and align with the definition of similar loans in the banking industry.
To ensure a smooth transition, the “Draft Measures” have set a two-year policy transition period. Existing loans exceeding the cap will be naturally settled upon maturity. For clients who require loan renewals after maturity, online microloan companies will gradually adjust the single-borrower amount during the transition period to ensure a “soft landing” for the continuation of funds.
In addition to the single-borrower loan balance cap, the “Draft Measures” also introduce a series of other regulatory measures, including prohibiting the rental and lending of licenses for illegal “channel” businesses, requiring the use of funds deposited by cooperating institutions for lending, prohibiting joint loans with institutions without lending qualifications, and prohibiting the transfer of credit assets to institutionswithout lending qualifications.
In recent years, the online microloan industry has witnessed rapid growth, but it has also faced certain risks, such as excessive borrowing, information leaks, and illegal lending. The release of the “Draft Measures” aims to regulate the business practices of online microloan companies, prevent financial risks, maintainfinancial market stability, and promote the healthy development of the online microloan industry.
Experts said the new regulatory measures will effectively regulate the development of the online microloan industry and promote its healthy and sustainable growth. They also reminded consumers to borrow rationally, avoid excessive debt, and protect their legitimate rights.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/cj/2024/08-23/10273881.shtml
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