国际最新研发出一种电化学方法装置 净化废水可同时制氨
中新网北京8月13日电 (记者 孙自法)施普林格·自然旗下专业学术期刊《自然-催化》最新发表一篇化学论文称，研究人员研发出一种电化学方法的装置，能将含硝酸盐的废水转化成氨和净化水。
氨是世界上产量最大的化合物之一，其生产过程中使用的高温高压以及大量使用氢作为原料，导致氨的生产每年贡献全球1.4%的二氧化碳排放，消耗2%的全球能源。同时，农业和工业生产过程中的硝酸盐流失可能会污染水资源。
现有的电化学装置生产的氨溶液与支持电解质(盐)混合后必须达到很高浓度，然后将其进行分离以获得氨产物。
在本项研究中，论文通讯作者、美国莱斯大学王浩天和同事设计出一个三腔的电化学装置，能将废水转化成氨和净化水。将这些废水加入装置，流经多孔的固态电解质层，使硝酸盐溶液转化成水和氨气。硝酸盐污染物被从水中去除，同时产生氨气，无需进一步净化步骤。这个过程很有效，而且在工业废水的常见硝酸盐浓度(百万分之2000，2000ppm)下就能产生净化水和氨气，而无需额外的支持电解质。
论文作者总结说，最新研发的装置能实现一种更为环境友好的氨生产方式，同时有助于废水处理。他们指出，这次实验基于实验室设置，未来的研究还需要评估该装置在真实世界环境中的适用性。
这一研究成果对于减少氨生产对环境的影响、提高水资源处理效率具有重要意义，同时也为全球氮循环管理和可持续发展提供了新的解决方案。
英语如下：
News Title: “New Electrochemical Wonder: Turning Waste Water into Clean Ammonia”
Keywords: Electrochemistry, Water Purification, Ammonia Production
News Content: An international team of researchers has developed an electrochemical device capable of purifying wastewater and producing ammonia simultaneously, according to a paper published in the Nature Catalysis journal, a Nature research portfolio journal.
Beijing, August 13th, 2023 (Reporter Sun Shula) – A chemical research paper published in the latest issue of the academic journal Nature Catalysis, an open-access journal from the Springer Nature family, reveals that a team of researchers has developed an electrochemical device capable of converting nitrate-rich wastewater into ammonia and clean water.
Ammonia is one of the most produced compounds in the world, with its production process requiring high temperatures and pressures, as well as significant amounts of hydrogen as a raw material. This results in ammonia production contributing 1.4% of global carbon dioxide emissions annually and consuming 2% of the world’s energy. Meanwhile, the loss of nitrates in agricultural and industrial processes can lead to water pollution.
Existing electrochemical devices produce ammonia solutions that must be mixed with a supporting electrolyte (salt) to reach a high concentration before separation to obtain the ammonia product.
In this study, the corresponding author of the paper, Professor Hao-Tian Wang from Rice University in the United States, and his colleagues designed a three-chamber electrochemical device that can convert wastewater into ammonia and purified water. When the wastewater is added to the device, it flows through a porous solid-state electrolyte layer, converting nitrate solution into water and ammonia gas. Nitrate pollutants are removed from the water, while ammonia gas is produced without the need for further purification steps. This process is highly effective and can produce purified water and ammonia gas at the common nitrate concentration in industrial wastewater (2000 parts per million, or 2000 ppm), without the need for additional supporting electrolytes.
The authors of the paper conclude that the newly developed device represents a more environmentally friendly way to produce ammonia and also aids in the treatment of wastewater. They note that the experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions, and future research will be needed to assess the device’s applicability in real-world environments.
This research outcome is of great significance for reducing the environmental impact of ammonia production and improving the efficiency of water treatment, as well as offering new solutions for global nitrogen cycle management and sustainable development.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2024/08-13/10268172.shtml
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