暴雨预警频发，多地迎来强降雨天气。国家气象中心高级工程师张峰介绍，气象上将24小时降雨量大于等于50毫米的降雨称为暴雨，其中50—99.9毫米为暴雨，100—249.9毫米为大暴雨，250毫米以上为特大暴雨。尽管暴雨不一定是狂风暴雨，但达到一定降雨量标准都会被定义为暴雨。
面对频繁的暴雨预警，公众需密切关注暴雨预警信号及防御指南。在暴雨天气下，应避免外出，并远离低洼地区和桥下，注意观察路面情况，避免渡河和沿河床行走。山区居民应防范山洪，驾驶人员应暂停行驶，将车停靠在高处或安全位置。
尽管目前天气预报技术已较为先进，但仍存在一定误差。这是因为大气系统的混沌特征、科学认知的局限性、误差的累积效应以及全球气候变暖导致极端天气气候事件频发等原因，使得对天气的预报不可能做到完全准确。此外，预报结论是基于整个降雨过程，不同时段的降雨给人的感觉不同，降雨过程分布不均也是造成实际落区与预报差异的原因之一。
面对这些挑战，气象部门将持续加强气象监测和预报预警能力，公众也应提高防范意识，及时获取相关信息，做好应对极端天气的准备。
英语如下：
News Title: “Heavy Rain Warning: Severe Downpours Forecast, Public Advised to Take Precautions”
Keywords: Heavy Rain Warning, Localized Intense Precipitation, Weather Forecast Error
News Content: Frequent heavy rain warnings have been issued as many areas are hit by heavy rainfall. Zhang Feng, a senior engineer at the National Meteorological Center, explained that in meteorological terms, rainfall with a 24-hour accumulation of 50 millimeters or more is classified as a heavy rainstorm. Rainfall between 50 and 99.9 millimeters is considered a thunderstorm, 100 to 249.9 millimeters is a severe thunderstorm, and more than 250 millimeters is a catastrophic downpour. Although heavy rain does not necessarily mean gusty rain, any rainfall reaching the specified quantity is classified as a heavy rainstorm.
In the face of repeated heavy rain warnings, the public is advised to closely monitor the heavy rain warning signals and defensive guidelines. During heavy rainfall, people should avoid going out and stay away from low-lying areas and under bridges, and pay attention to road conditions to avoid crossing rivers or walking along riverbeds. Residents in mountainous areas should be alert to flash floods, and drivers should halt their vehicles and park them at higher or safer locations.
Although current weather forecasting technology is relatively advanced, there are still certain errors. This is due to the chaotic nature of the atmospheric system, limitations in scientific understanding, the cumulative effect of errors, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events due to global climate change. Moreover, the forecast conclusions are based on the entire rainfall process, and different times of the rainfall can feel different, and the uneven distribution of the rainfall process also contributes to the discrepancy between the actual affected areas and the forecast.
In the face of these challenges, the meteorological department will continue to strengthen meteorological monitoring and forecasting and warning capabilities, and the public should enhance their awareness of prevention and quickly obtain relevant information to prepare for extreme weather.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/sh/2024/08-08/10265291.shtml
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