随着夏季汛期的到来，全国水利工程项目的安全度汛问题备受关注。水利部近期部署了全面的安全度汛措施，以确保在建工程和病险水库在汛期的稳定运行，防止可能发生的洪水灾害。
**一、在建水利工程的安全度汛**
当前，全国在建水利项目总数超过3.78万个，部分项目需跨汛期施工，这无疑增加了安全度汛的挑战。水利部针对在建水利工程的特点，完善了度汛方案和超标准洪水应急预案编制指南，细化了度汛隐患检查的重点问题清单，重点关注穿堤破堤工程、施工围堰、导流工程、深基坑等风险点，以防河流堤防、水库坝体、施工围堰等出现渗水、管涌、坍塌、滑坡等险情。
### 措施亮点：
1. **隐患排查与整改**：水利部要求开展全面的隐患排查和整改工作，加强对施工营地周边地质灾害点的监测预警，确保施工围堰、水库大坝等部位达到安全度汛的要求。
2. **应急响应机制**：一旦出现水库垮坝、堤防决口等重大险情，将严格按照应急预案启动应急响应，确保第一时间采取有效措施，减少灾害损失。
**二、病险水库的度汛策略**
病险水库点多量大，抗御洪水的能力较低，是防汛工作的重点。水利部强调，主汛期病险水库原则上要空库运行，以全力保障安全运行。对于新增的1845座病险水库，水利部已累计落实656亿元资金实施除险加固，确保其在汛期能够安全稳定运行。
### 防御措施：
1. **空库运行**：所有病险水库在主汛期原则上空库运行，避免水库在高水位下承受额外压力。
2. **监测与预警**：加密水情监测，建立全面的水情预警系统，及时发现并应对可能的洪水风险。
**三、总体策略与实践**
面对复杂严峻的防汛形势，各地水利部门通过加密水情监测、细化度汛预案、加强隐患排查和应急演练等措施，确保在建水利工程和病险水库的安全度汛。以鄱阳湖康山蓄滞洪区和赣江尾闾整治工程为例，这些项目通过组建防汛突击队、实施边坡支护、安装监测设备等手段，有效提升了度汛能力，为保护人民生命财产安全筑起了坚实的防线。
通过上述全面部署和具体措施的实施，水利部旨在确保全国水利工程在汛期的安全稳定运行，有效应对可能的洪水灾害，保障人民群众的生命财产安全。
英语如下：
### Title: Water Resources Ministry Lays Out Critical Actions for Safety during Flood Season in Under-construction Projects and Hazardous Reservoirs
Keywords: Safety during flood season, Water Resources Projects, Water Resources Deployment
### News Content: How to Ensure Safety during Flood Season for Under-construction Projects and Hazardous Reservoirs? Comprehensive Measures from the Water Resources Ministry
As the summer flood season approaches, the safety of water resources projects across the country is a matter of significant concern. The Water Resources Ministry recently outlined comprehensive measures to ensure the stability of ongoing construction projects and hazardous reservoirs during the flood season, aiming to prevent potential flood disasters.
**Part 1: Safety during Flood Season for Under-construction Projects**
With over 37,800 ongoing water resource projects nationwide, some of which are subject to construction during the flood season, this presents a significant challenge for safety. The Water Resources Ministry has tailored its flood safety strategies to address the specific characteristics of these projects, including enhanced guidelines for flood预案 and emergency response plans, and detailed inspection lists for potential risks. These focus on critical areas such as breaches, construction dams, diversion works, and deep excavation sites, to prevent issues like seepage, piping, collapse, and slope failures in river embankments, reservoir dams, and construction dams.
### Key Actions:
1. **Thorough Inspection and Rectification:** The Water Resources Ministry requires a comprehensive inspection and rectification process, with heightened monitoring of geohazards around construction camps to ensure that all critical components meet safety standards during the flood season.
2. **Emergency Response System:** Upon identification of major risks such as dam failure or breach of embankments, the ministry ensures immediate activation of emergency response protocols to minimize damage.
**Part 2: Strategies for Hazardous Reservoirs during the Flood Season**
Given the widespread and relatively low capacity of hazardous reservoirs to withstand floods, they are a primary focus in flood control efforts. The Water Resources Ministry has emphasized the practice of emptying these reservoirs during the main flood season to ensure safety. For the 1,845 newly identified hazardous reservoirs, a total of 65.6 billion yuan has been allocated for safety reinforcement, ensuring their operational safety during the flood season.
### Prevention Measures:
1. **Empty Operation during Flood Season:** All hazardous reservoirs are to be operated in an empty state during the main flood season to reduce the risk of additional pressure on the reservoirs at high water levels.
2. **Enhanced Monitoring and Warning:** Increased water level monitoring and the establishment of a comprehensive water level warning system are implemented to promptly address potential flood risks.
**Part 3: Overall Strategy and Implementation**
Facing complex and challenging flood scenarios, local water resources departments are employing a range of strategies, including enhanced water level monitoring, detailed flood预案, thorough inspection, and emergency drills, to ensure the safety of ongoing construction projects and hazardous reservoirs during the flood season. For instance, in the context of the Kangshan Flood Control and Detention Basin of Poyang Lake and the Ganjiang Lower Reaches整治 project, these initiatives involve the establishment of flood control teams, slope reinforcement, and the installation of monitoring equipment, effectively enhancing flood safety capabilities to safeguard people’s lives and property.
By implementing these comprehensive plans and measures, the Water Resources Ministry aims to ensure the safety and stability of water resources projects during the flood season, effectively addressing potential flood disasters, and safeguarding the lives and property of the public.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2024/07-28/10258839.shtml
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