加州大学戴维斯分校的研究团队开发出一项新技术，旨在帮助因瘫痪或肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症（ALS）等神经系统疾病而无法说话的人恢复交流能力。这项名为「An Accurate and Rapidly Calibrating Speech Neuroprosthesis」的研究，发表在《The New England Journal of Medicine》上。
这项新技术能够将大脑信号转化为语音，准确率高达97%，是目前同类系统中最高的。研究团队通过在大脑中植入传感器，捕捉说话时的脑信号，并将这些信号转换成计算机大声朗读的文本。
这项技术在一名因ALS而导致语言能力严重受损的男子身上得到了验证。这名男子在启动该系统后几分钟内就能传达自己想要说的话。研究的主要负责人之一David Brandman表示，这项技术帮助这名男子与朋友、家人和护理人员进行交流，展示了迄今为止最准确的语音神经假体设备。
这项研究的意义重大，它为ALS患者等无法说话的人群提供了一种新的交流方式，极大地提高了他们的生活质量。同时，这项技术也为脑机接口领域的研究提供了新的方向和可能性。随着技术的不断进步，未来可能会有更多的患者受益于这项创新。
英语如下：
News Title: “97% Accuracy! Brain-Machine Interface Empowers Aphasics with the Right to ‘Speak'”
Keywords: Brain-Machine Interface, Aphasics, University of California, Davis
News Content: A research team from the University of California, Davis has developed a new technology aimed at helping individuals who are unable to speak due to paralysis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurological disorders regain their ability to communicate. This research, titled “An Accurate and Rapidly Calibrating Speech Neuroprosthesis,” was published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
The new technology converts brain signals into speech with an accuracy rate of up to 97%, which is the highest among its kind. The research team implants sensors in the brain to capture brain signals during speech and converts these signals into text that a computer reads aloud.
The technology was validated on a man who suffered from severe language impairment due to ALS. Within minutes of activating the system, he was able to convey what he wanted to say. One of the study’s principal investigators, David Brandman, stated that the technology enabled the man to communicate with friends, family, and caregivers, demonstrating the most accurate voice neuroprosthetic device to date.
The significance of this research is immense, as it offers a new form of communication for ALS patients and other individuals who are unable to speak, significantly improving their quality of life. Additionally, the technology provides new directions and possibilities for research in the field of brain-machine interfaces. As technology continues to advance, more patients may benefit from this innovation in the future.
【来源】https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2024-08-16-8
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