中新网8月7日电 近日，西非国家马里和尼日尔相继与乌克兰断交，指控乌方支持马里反政府武装，对政府军造成重大损失。此事件背后是否是俄罗斯与美国在非洲的角力？
乌克兰为何介入马里事务？据中国社科院俄罗斯东欧中亚所研究员张弘分析，乌克兰在马里和尼日尔等地的军事行动，实际上最主要的目标是俄罗斯。在2012年马里发生政变后，外部势力干涉一直存在，包括美西方势力和俄罗斯的瓦格纳集团。乌克兰危机爆发后，乌克兰在外交安全方面倒向西方，将遏制俄罗斯作为国家安全外交的重要任务之一。
马里和尼日尔宣布与乌克兰断交后，外界担忧是否会引发非洲其他国家对乌克兰的“断交潮”。张弘认为，乌克兰在西非的行动已经给俄罗斯造成一定压力，也给当地政府造成了外交和安全上的威胁。目前来看，布基纳法索还没有出现激烈的军事行动，该国是否会跟进断交行动，还有待观察。
张弘进一步指出，从目前来看，乌克兰有限的军事行动，更多是针对俄罗斯，而不是针对非洲国家。同时，非洲国家与乌克兰间的利益关联也是有限的，他们在俄乌局势中奉行中立立场，只要不涉及核心利益，一般不会在乌克兰问题上选边站队。
此次断交事件，反映了国际关系中的复杂性，以及大国之间在非洲等地的地缘政治博弈。乌克兰与非洲国家的关系，以及非洲国家在乌克兰危机中的立场，将成为未来国际局势发展的重要考量因素。
英语如下：
News Title: “The Mystery Behind the Diplomatic Break with Ukraine: Russia and the U.S.’s Undercover War in Africa”
Keywords: Diplomatic Break, Rivalry Between Russia and the U.S., Ukraine
News Content:
August 7, 2023 – Recently, West African countries Mali and Niger have severed diplomatic relations with Ukraine, accusing the Ukrainian government of supporting rebel groups in Mali and causing significant losses to the government’s military forces. Is this incident the result of a power struggle between Russia and the United States in Africa?
Why has Ukraine intervened in Mali’s affairs? According to Zhang Hong, a researcher at the Institute of Russian, East European and Central Asian Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Ukraine’s military actions in Mali and Niger are aimed primarily at Russia. After a coup in Mali in 2012, external interference has been a constant presence, including Western powers and Russia’s Wagner Group. Following the Ukrainian crisis, Ukraine has leaned towards the West in its foreign and security policies, making countering Russia a key task in its national security strategy.
Following the announcement of diplomatic breaks with Ukraine by Mali and Niger, there is concern among the international community about whether this could lead to a wave of diplomatic breaks with Ukraine across Africa. Zhang Hong believes that Ukraine’s actions in West Africa have put pressure on Russia and pose a threat to local governments in terms of foreign and security policy. Currently, Burkina Faso has not seen intense military action, and whether it will follow suit remains to be seen.
Zhang Hong further points out that, as of now, Ukraine’s limited military actions are primarily directed against Russia, not African countries. Additionally, the interests of African countries in relation to Ukraine are limited, and they have adopted a neutral stance in the Ukraine crisis, generally not siding with Ukraine unless it directly affects their core interests.
The recent diplomatic breaks reflect the complexity of international relations and the geopolitical competition among major powers in Africa and elsewhere. The relationship between Ukraine and African countries, as well as the stance of African countries in the Ukraine crisis, will be an important factor in the future development of international relations.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2024/08-07/10265093.shtml
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