在儿童青少年近视防控领域，一项针对近视防控药物或仪器的有效性以及保护远视储备重要性的研究引发了广泛关注。据“健康中国”微信公众号报道，当前的研究显示，近视是不可治愈的，其发展也无法逆转。然而，这并不意味着家长和教育者对此束手无策。实际上，及时的干预措施能够显著减缓近视的进展。
#### 近视防控药物与仪器的有效性
目前，市场上已证实有效的近视防控药物主要为低浓度阿托品，这类药物能够通过松弛睫状肌，减少眼睛对近距离物体的调节，从而减缓近视的进展。然而，其他诸如角膜塑形镜、周边离焦眼镜等设备，虽然在一定程度上也展现出一定的临床效果，但其长期的有效性和安全性仍需进一步的大规模临床验证。
#### 重视远视储备保护
远视储备是儿童在成长过程中的一种自然状态，它对于预防近视具有关键作用。当儿童在小学一年级时，如果远视储备已消耗殆尽，那么他们很可能会在小学阶段发展为近视。儿童过早、过多地近距离用眼，是导致远视储备低于其年龄对应标准范围，即远视储备不足的主要原因。
为了有效防控近视，应将措施前移到学龄前儿童阶段。定期进行儿童眼保健和屈光筛查，以检查儿童远视储备是否在正常范围内，是预防近视的关键步骤。若发现远视储备低于标准，应立即调整生活习惯，增加户外活动，减少近距离用眼时间。此外，如果远视储备超过相应年龄的上限，应关注儿童是否患有远视眼。
#### 视力与屈光度的平衡
在儿童眼球发育过程中，视力和屈光度的发育是相互匹配的。因此，当远视储备处于正常范围时，还应关注儿童的视力情况。如果儿童视力低于年龄对应的裸眼视力标准，应及时进行进一步的眼科检查，排除其他可能的眼部疾病。
综上所述，近视防控不仅依赖于药物或特定的仪器设备，更需要从生活习惯、定期检查和科学指导等多个维度综合施策，以有效保护儿童的视力健康。通过综合性的防控措施，家长和教育者能够为儿童青少年提供更加全面的眼部保健指导，共同守护孩子们的光明未来。
英语如下：
### Title: “Myopia Prevention: Drug and Instrument Effectiveness and the Importance of Presbyopia Reserve Protection for Children”
Keywords: myopia prevention, presbyopia reserve, child protection
### Content: ### Effectiveness of Myopia Prevention Drugs and Instruments, and the Importance of Protecting Presbyopia Reserve for Children
In the field of myopia prevention among children and adolescents, a study focusing on the effectiveness of myopia prevention drugs or instruments, and the importance of protecting the presbyopia reserve has garnered significant attention. As reported by the “Health China” WeChat public account, current research indicates that myopia is not curable and cannot be reversed. However, this does not mean that parents and educators are powerless in the face of this issue. In fact, timely intervention measures can significantly slow the progression of myopia.
#### Effectiveness of Myopia Prevention Drugs and Instruments
Currently, the most scientifically proven effective myopia prevention drug is low-dose atropine. This drug works by relaxing the ciliary muscle, reducing the eye’s adjustment to close objects, thereby slowing down the progression of myopia. However, other devices such as corneal reshaping lenses and periphery defocus glasses, while showing some clinical effectiveness to a certain extent, still require further large-scale clinical validation for their long-term efficacy and safety.
#### Emphasizing Protection of the Presbyopia Reserve
Presbyopia reserve is a natural state that children experience during their growth, playing a critical role in preventing myopia. When a child’s first-grade primary school, if the presbyopia reserve has been depleted, they are likely to develop myopia during primary school. The excessive and early use of close objects by children is the primary cause of their presbyopia reserve falling below the standard range for their age, or having a lower presbyopia reserve.
To effectively prevent myopia, measures should be taken well before the school age. Regular eye health examinations and屈光 screening for children are crucial steps in checking whether their presbyopia reserve is within the normal range. If found to be below the standard, immediate adjustments in lifestyle should be made, increasing outdoor activities, and reducing the time spent on close objects. Moreover, if the presbyopia reserve exceeds the upper limit for their age, it is important to monitor whether the child has hyperopia.
#### Balance between Vision and Refractive Power
During the development of a child’s eyeball, the development of vision and refractive power is mutually matched. Therefore, when the presbyopia reserve is within the normal range, attention should also be paid to the child’s vision. If the child’s vision is below the standard for age-appropriate naked eye vision, further ophthalmological examination should be conducted to rule out other possible eye diseases.
In summary, myopia prevention does not solely rely on drugs or specific instruments, but requires a multi-faceted approach encompassing lifestyle habits, regular checks, and scientific guidance. Comprehensive preventive measures can provide children and adolescents with more comprehensive eye health guidance, working together to safeguard their future vision. Through these integrated measures, parents and educators can offer children more holistic eye care guidance, jointly guarding their children’s bright future.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/life/2024/07-25/10257179.shtml
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