美国政府近日对华芯片出口管制政策进行了大规模修订，新版条款长达160多页，将于4月4日正式生效。据官方表示，这次修订旨在“纠正意外的错误，并明确一些条款”。在新的管制规定中，美国商务部加强了对关键芯片制造设备，如极紫外光刻机（EUV）和刻蚀机的出口限制，同时对澳门地区以及D:5组地区的出口采取更为严格的“推定拒绝”政策。
值得注意的是，此前引起公众热议的RTX4090显卡禁售问题在新条款中得到了调整，管制政策有所放宽。此外，AI芯片的许可证发放及其例外情况的适用范围也得到了重新澄清。在光刻机和相关上下游设备的进口方面，新规定明确了只能购买较旧款的设备，以限制先进芯片技术流入中国。
这一系列修订反映了美国在高科技领域对中国的持续监管，同时也显示出政策制定者试图平衡技术竞争与全球供应链稳定之间的关系。这一变动将对全球半导体行业，特别是中美两国的芯片制造商和相关市场产生深远影响。
英语如下：
News Title: “U.S. Chip Controls Update: Wafer Steppers Limited, RTX 4090 Ban Eased”
Keywords: U.S. chip restrictions, Macau limitations, RTX 4090 relaxation
News Content: The U.S. government has recently undergone a substantial revision of its export control policy on chips to China, with the new regulations spanning over 160 pages and set to take effect on April 4th. Officials claim this update aims to “correct unintended errors and clarify certain provisions.” Among the new restrictions, the U.S. Department of Commerce tightens export controls on key chip manufacturing equipment, such as extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) machines and etchers, while adopting a more stringent “presumption of denial” policy for exports to Macau and the D:5 region.
Notably, the controversial ban on the sale of RTX 4090 graphics cards has been adjusted in the revised guidelines, with controls softened. Furthermore, the licensing and exceptions for AI chips have been redefined. In terms of importing lithography machines and associated upstream and downstream equipment, the new rules stipulate that only older models can be purchased, thereby limiting the inflow of advanced chip technology into China.
These revisions reflect the ongoing U.S. oversight in the high-tech sector vis-à-vis China, while also demonstrating policymakers’ efforts to balance technological competition with global supply chain stability. This shift will have profound implications for the global semiconductor industry, particularly for chip manufacturers and related markets in both the U.S. and China.
【来源】https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20240402A09O2G00
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