我国新型铷原子钟核心指标取得新突破，稳定度刷新国际纪录。据中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院消息，梅刚华研究团队研制的铷原子钟，测得9.0×10-14τ-1/2（1s~100s）的短期频率稳定度测量结果。这是铷原子钟频率稳定度指标首次进入10-14τ-1/2量级。
相关论文近日为国际权威期刊《IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement》上发表，并在 IEEE 官方网站先期刊出。IT之家从官方获悉，频率稳定度是原子钟的核心指标。为了进一步改善铷原子钟的频率稳定度，研究人员从提高原子信号信噪比、降低探寻微波的相位噪声和抑制原子体系的环境敏感性三方面入手。
物理系统设计采用了具有自主知识产权的开槽管微波腔、内径为 40 mm 的大尺寸铷气泡、高光谱纯度抽运光源和双重滤光等新技术，将原子信号信噪比决定的频率稳定度提升到 4.7×10-14τ-1/2 水平。设计了一款低相噪频率综合器，将电路噪声对铷钟稳定度的影响控制在 6.0×10-14τ-1/2 水平。研究人员还利用密封箱实现物理系统与大气环境的隔离，将大气环境气压波动对铷钟稳定度的影响减小了一个数量级。基于以上技术，研制出新型铷原子钟原理样机。
此次技术突破，进一步扩大了我国铷原子钟技术的领先优势，对于发展高品质微波振荡器技术、研制新一代北斗系统星载原子钟具有重要意义。
英语如下：
“News Title: China’s Rubidium Atomic Clocks Achieve World Record Stability, Leading Global Technology
Keywords: Rubidium Atomic Clocks, Breakthrough in Stability, New Technology
News Content: China’s new rubidium atomic clock has achieved a new breakthrough in core indicators, with stability surpassing international records. According to the Institute of Precision Measurement Science and Technology Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the rubidium atomic clock developed by Mei Ganghua’s research team has achieved a short-term frequency stability measurement result of 9.0×10^-14τ^(-1/2) (1s~100s). This is the first time that the frequency stability index of rubidium atomic clocks has entered the 10^-14τ^(-1/2) order of magnitude.
The related paper was recently published in the international authoritative journal “IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement” and was first published on the official website of IEEE. IT House learned from the official that frequency stability is the core indicator of atomic clocks. In order to further improve the frequency stability of rubidium atomic clocks, researchers have started from three aspects: improving the signal-to-noise ratio of atomic signals, reducing the phase noise of exploring microwaves, and suppressing the environmental sensitivity of atomic systems.
The physical system design adopts new technologies such as slotted tube microwave cavities with independent intellectual property rights, large-size rubidium bubbles with an inner diameter of 40 mm, high spectral purity pumping light sources, and dual filtering, which increases the frequency stability determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of atomic signals to a level of 4.7×10^-14τ^(-1/2). A low phase noise frequency synthesizer was designed to control the impact of circuit noise on rubidium clock stability at a level of 6.0×10^-14τ^(-1/2). Researchers also used a sealed box to achieve isolation between the physical system and the atmospheric environment, reducing the impact of atmospheric pressure fluctuations on rubidium clock stability by one order of magnitude. Based on these technologies, a new type of rubidium atomic clock prototype was developed.
This technological breakthrough further expands China’s leading edge in rubidium atomic clock technology, which is of great significance for developing high-quality microwave oscillator technology and developing a new generation of Beidou system satellite atomic clocks.”
【来源】https://www.ithome.com/0/745/101.htm
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