近期，流感已进入高发时期，不少人饱受咳嗽的困扰。那么，成人该如何使用常见镇咳药？儿童使用镇咳药又需要注意什么呢？
对于成人来说，常见的镇咳药物包括右美沙芬、可待因、喷托维林等。在使用这些药物时，应按照说明书上的用法用量进行服用。例如，右美沙芬适用于干咳，一般成人每次10-20毫克，一日3-4次；而可待因则适用于剧烈无痰性干咳，一般成人每次15-30毫克，一日2-3次。
然而，儿童使用镇咳药时需要特别注意。因为儿童的身体发育尚未成熟，对药物的反应可能与成人不同。因此，在给儿童使用镇咳药时，应遵循“剂量适当”的原则。此外，还应注意选择适合儿童年龄和体重的药物，并严格按照医生或药师的建议进行用药。
总之，在流感高发时期，我们应该采取有效措施来预防和治疗咳嗽。对于成人来说，可以按照说明书上的用法用量使用常见镇咳药；而对于儿童来说，则需要特别注意用药安全，遵循医生或药师的建议进行用药。
英语如下：
“Headline: How to Properly Use Cough Suppressants for Adults and Children During the Peak of Influenza Season?
Keywords: Adult medication, Children caution, Influenza cough
Content: Recently, influenza has entered its peak season, and many people are suffering from coughing. So, how should adults use common cough suppressants? What should be paid attention to when children use cough suppressants?
For adults, common cough suppressants include dextromethorphan, codeine, and protoxivirine. When using these medications, they should follow the instructions on the label regarding dosage and frequency. For example, dextromethorphan is suitable for dry coughs and is generally taken by adults at a dose of 10-20 mg three to four times a day; codeine is suitable for severe non-productive dry coughs and is generally taken by adults at a dose of 15-30 mg two to three times a day.
However, special attention should be paid when children use cough suppressants. This is because their bodies are still developing and may react differently to medications than adults. Therefore, when giving cough suppressants to children, the principle of “appropriate dosage” should be followed. In addition, it is important to choose medications that are appropriate for the child’s age and weight and to strictly follow the advice of a doctor or pharmacist.”
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/life/2024/01-13/10145606.shtml
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